1478 . BuUctin ^y, United States National Museum. 



a. Body rather deep, the back somewhat elevated, the depth about 3 J in length ; body 

 with black cross bars; barbels slender. 

 POLYCLEMUS (woAus, many; KAe>os, twig, from the many barbels) : 

 6. Dorsal rays about IX-1, 22; caudal tin double truncate, the middle raj-s longest, 

 c. Pectoral 1^ in head; color grayish, with 6 broad black cross bars on body; 

 outer teeth of upper jaws scarcely enlarged. dumerili, 1864. 



ZONOSCION (^oi'o;, zone; ctkloi', Scicena) : 

 bb. Dorsal rays X-I, 26 to 32; caudal tin obliquely truncate, lunate or /-shaped. 



d. Dorsal rays X-I, 29, caudal /-shaped, the middle rays longest; pectoral 

 Ij in bead ; outer teeth above somewhat enlarged ; black bars on body 

 faint. EATHBUNI, 1805. 



aa. Body comparatively elongate, the depth about 4 in length; the back not elevated: 

 color dusky, the dark cross bars faint. 

 Zaclemus (^a, an intensive particle; KAe>os, twig, from the large barbels) : 

 d. Upper jaw without enlarged teeth in its outer series; barbels conspicuous; 

 pectoral moderate; caudal/-shaped, the lower lobe longest. 

 e. Pectoral IJ in head; color dusky with faint cross bars. D. XI-25 to 27; 

 scales 45 to 48. GOODEI, 1866. 



PARALONCHURUS : 



dd. Tipper jaw with the outer series of teeth enlarged; barbels very 



slender; pectoral very long ; caudal long, pointed. 



/. Pectoral very long, somewhat longer than head ; caudal pointed, as 



long as head ; color dusky, scarcely barred. D. X-I, 30 ; scales 



50. PETERSI, 1867. 



Subgenus POLYCLEMUS, Berg. 



1864. PARALONCHUKUS DUMERILI (Bocourt). 



Head 3i; depth 2?. D. IX-I, 25; A. II, 7; orbit-.5i in head; snout 3? ; 

 maxillary 2j; highest dorsal spine 2i; dorsal ray 2? ; second anal spine 4; 

 length of caudal 11; pectorals li; veutrals 1*. Body rather elongate, the 

 back somewhat elevated, ventral outline a little curved. Head low and 

 small; profile steep, somewhat concave; snout somewhat acute, with 

 large slits and pores; preorbital broad; interorbital area broad, convex, 

 3 in head; mouth small, entirely inferior; maxillary extending to the ver- 

 tical from the posterior jiart of pupil; teeth on jaws small, villiform, the 

 outer scarcely larger; preopercle rounded, its edge with soft cilia Avhich 

 grow larger from above downward ; gill rakers 3 or 4 -f 7 or 8, minute, thick, 

 ish; pseudobranchiiB none. Head and body covered with weakly ctenoid 

 scales, 52 in the lateral line. Lateral line much arched anteriorly, becom- 

 ing straight over the anal fin. A tuft of barbels at the symphysis of the 

 lower jaw, a single row of 8 or 10 barbels running backward along the 

 lower edge of each ramus. Dorsal spines rather stout, the first minute, 

 the third longest, the others gradually growing shorter to the ninth, which 

 is about ^ the length of the third spine ; soft dorsal lower than spinous, 

 the fin with a scaly sheath at the base, its membranes covered with small 

 gcales; ventrals filiform at tip; anal inserted Avell forward, its first sjjine 

 about as large as the first dorsal, the second strong; caudal double trun- 

 cate. Color bluish gray above, silvery below ; 6 rather broad, distinct 

 cross bars of dark brown extending from the back down the sides. Mem- 

 branes of dorsal fins dusky, growing darker in the region of the body 

 bands and on the edges of the fins; caudal dusky, lighter near the base; 



