1480 Bulletin ^y, United States National Ahiscicm . 



Subgenus ZACLEMUS, Gilbert. 



1866. PARALOXCHUIUIS (JOODKI, Cxilbert. 



Head 3* to 4; depth 4 to 4i; eye very large, 2^- iu interorbital width, 4 

 in postocuhir part of head; snout 3^ to 3|. D. XI, 25 to 27; A. II, 7; 45 to 

 48 rows of scales riuming obliquely upward and forward from lateral line. 

 Elongate, with broad, heavy head, the temporal region swollen, protul^er- 

 ant, this not the case in P. petcrsi; snout very high and blunt, its anterior 

 profile vertically rounded, little protruding beyond the premaxillaries; 

 rostral and mental pores very large, arranged as usual; symphyseal pore 

 bounded laterally by 2 membranaceous rings continued forward from the 

 mandibular margins, bearing many barbels; this condition also in P. 

 pefersi and in rohjclemus fasciatus, no " multifid barbel " being present; 

 barbels much stronger than in P. petersi, widely spaced, forming a con- 

 spicuous series along the inner margin of the mandible, becoming crowded 

 into a dense fringe along anterior ^ of margin of intcropercle. Mouth 

 obli{|ue, very protractile, maxillary I'eaching vertical from posterior edge 

 of pupil, a tritle less than i head. Teeth slender, villiform, none of them 

 enlarged, those in lower jaw in a narrow band or irregular series, in upper 

 jaw in a moderate band; teeth all brown in color. Preopercle with a 

 membranaceous edge minutely crenate, spinulescent ; branchiostegal mem- 

 brane very wide; pseudobranchite obsolete; gill rakers undeveloped, rep- 

 resented l)y soft tubercles, of which there are 6 to 8 on the horizontal liml» 

 of arch, 2 or 3 next the angle sometimes slightly longer and movable. 

 Dorsal spines slender and flexible, the third the longest, equal to length 

 of snout and | eye ; tenth spine shortest ; soft dorsal and caudal densely 

 covered with scales to their tips; no differentiated sheath at base of soft 

 dorsal; first anal spine minute, the second slender but not flexible, i to f 

 length of longest ray; caudal fin with the lower lobe longer, convex, the 

 upper lobe concave; longest caudal rays IS in head; pectorals broad, reach- 

 ing vertical from tips of ventrals, liut not nearly to vent, l-r in head; outer 

 ventral ray produced into a filament about J total length of fin, the longest 

 non filamentous ray 1| in head. Lateral line with a low wide curve, becom- 

 ing straight over posterior part of anal fin. Color dark brownish above 

 and on sides, with greenisli and bluish reflections, white below; back and 

 sides with 4 broad inconspicuous cross bars ; the first from predorsal region 

 to base of pectorals; the second from end of spinous dorsal; the third 

 from base of eighth to twelfth; the fourth from twentieth to twenty- 

 fifth rays of soft dorsal, downward and slightly liackward ; basal portion 

 of anal and outer ventral rays yellow, the outer portions dusky ; other 

 fins blackish; lining of o]iercle dusky. Panama; rare. Longest specimen 

 about a foot. (Gilbert. ) This species difters from P. petersi conspicuously 

 in the shorter pectoral and caudal, the heavier, blunter snout, the larger 

 eye, the much larger and more numerous barbels, and in the absence of any 

 series of enlarged teeth in front of the premaxillaries. (Named for Dr. 

 George Brown Goode.) 



Paralonchurus (joodei, Gilbert, Fishes of ranama MS. 1898, Panama. (Coll. C. H. Gil- 

 bert. Typo, in L. S. Jr. Univ. Mus.) 



