1482 Bulletin 4-7^ United States National Museum. 



interorbital area as broad as eye, which is as long as snout ; snout small, 10 

 in head; snout soft, depressed, with conspicuous pore at tip ; mouth obli(iue, 

 subinferior; maxillary reaching a little beyond eye; teeth in fine bands; 

 barbels 2, not longer than eye; preopercle with crenulate, membranaceous 

 margin ; upper ray of pectoral much elongate, 2i in body ; caudal elongate 

 lanceolate, 4 in body ; lirst ray of ventral reaching front of anal ; anal short 

 and high, its spines weak, inserted before middle of soft dorsal; scales 

 mostly cycloid ; lateral line becoming straight above anal. Color brownish ; 

 pectoral and caudal fins black, other fins dusky. (Cuvier «fc Valenciennes.) 

 West Indies to Guiana; rare; not seen by us. (lanceolatus, lance shaped.) 



Perca lanceolata, Bloch, Nov. Act. Sc. Copeuh., ni, 383, 1788, India. 



Lonchurus barhatus, Bloch, Ichthyol., pi. 3G0, 1793, Surinam; Cuviee & Valenciennes, 



Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 193, 1830 ; described from Bloch's type. 

 Lonchurus depresstis, Bluiii ,v Si iineider, Syst. Ichth., 102, 1801, Surinam; Cuvier & 



Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. INiis-.v, 195, 1830; Gunther, Cat., ii, 317, 1860. 

 Lonchurus lanceolatus, GiMiiKK. ('at., ii, 317, I860; Jordan &. Eigenmann, «. c, 434, 1889. 



594. POGONIAS, Lac^pede. 



(Sea Drums.) 



Pogoniat, LACfepfiCE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 138, 1802 i/asdatua = crom:it). 

 Pogonathus, Lac^pede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 121, 1808 (courhina). 



Body short and deep, the dorsal outline much elevated, the ventral 

 nearly straight. Mouth moderate, the upper jaw longest; teeth small, in 

 villiform bands, the outer not enlarged; lower pharyngeal bones large, 

 fully united, armed with strong paved teeth; lower jaw with numerous 

 barbels, each about I as long as the eye; preoperculum entire, with a 

 membranaceous edge. Dorsal fins slightly connected, the spines high and 

 strong; caudal fin subtruncate; first anal spine short, the second exceed- 

 ingly large, nearly as long as the soft rays; pectorals and ventrals long; 

 gill rakers short and bluntish. Pseudobranchiie large. Marine species, 

 reaching a very large size, among the largest of the Scicvnidcv, 2 species 

 known. {Tfooycoviai, bearded.) 



a. Body deep, the depth about 2i in length ; snout blunt, 33 in head. D. X-I, 21 ; scales 

 47 ; back usually without distinct oblique strealvs. cromis, 1869. 



aa. Body more elongate, the depth about 3 in length ; the snout more acute, 3g in head. 

 D. X-I, 19 ; scales 50 ; color more silvery, with oblique faint dark streaks along 

 the rows of scales above. courbina, 1870. 



1869. POGOXIAS CROMIS (Linnwus). 



(DruiM.) 



Head 31; depth 2^; snout 3f in head. D. X^I, 21; A. II, 5 or 6; scales 

 5-47-9. Body oblong, the back much elevated, ventral outline almost 

 straight, the depth rapidly diminishing from the first dorsal spine back- 

 ward; profile rather steep and slightly convex; mouth moderate, inferior, 

 the maxillary not reaching middle of eye, 3|- in head; teeth in broad 

 bauds, the outer series above scarcely enlarged; snout blunt, longer than 

 3ye; lower pharyngeals large, completely united, covered with many blunt 



