1484: Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



fully united, with coarse, bliint, paved teeth, as in Fogonias; preopercle 

 slightly serrate ; dorsal spines strong and high, with a close-fitting scaly 

 sheath at base, the 2 dorsals somewhat connected; second anal spine 

 very strong; caudal double truncate; air bladder very large, simple, with 

 no appendages. Pyloric cseca 7 ; vertebrje 10 + 14 = 24. Fresh waters of 

 the United States; large, coarse fishes, feeding chiefly on Crustacea and 

 moUusks. The genus is apparently allied to Fogonias, and both may be 

 descended from allies of Ronciidor, which is intermediate between them 

 and Scuma. {anXov;, simple or single; vcoro<i, back.) 



1871. APLODINOTUS GRIINMENS, Rafinesque. 

 (Fbesh-watek Drum; Gaspergou; Thcnder-pdmper ; Lake SHEEPSHEAD; CUOAKEK; 



BUBBLER; WHITE PeRCH.) ' 



Head 3i; depth 2|; snout 4^ in head. D. X, 30; A. II, 7; scales 9-55-13. 

 Body oblong; back much elevated and compressed ; profile long and steep, 

 straightish; head slightly compressed; mouth moderate, subinferior, low ; 

 the maxillary reaching past middle of eye, 3 in head; eye moderate; teeth 

 in villiform bands, the outer above scarcely enlarged ; lower pharyngeals 

 completely united, tbe teeth less blunt than in Fogonias ; gill rakers short, 

 thickish, 6+14; preopercle obscurely serrated; snout bluutisb, longer 

 than eye ; dorsal spines strong and high ; second spine highest, 2^ in head, 

 a scaly sheath at the base of spines; the 2 dorsals connected; second anal 

 spine very large, more than I the length of the head; caudal double trun- 

 cate ; scales rather thin and deep, the series somewhat oblique ; scales on 

 breast rather large. Color grayish silvery, dusky above, sometimes very 

 dark; back sometimes with oblique dusky streaks along the rows of scales. 

 Great Lakes to Texas; abundant in all lakes and large streams west of 

 the Alleghanies and east of the plains, reaching a Aveight of 50 to 60 

 pounds. Its flesh is not of high quality, and is often tough and ill- 

 flavored and with a rank odor, especially in the Lakes, where it is not 

 often eaten. In Texas and Louisiana it holds a high rank as a food-fish, 

 the quality improving southward, (grunniens, grunting.) 



Aplodinotus grunniens, Kafinesque, Joiirn. de Phys. 1819, 88, Ohio River. 



Scicena oscula, Lesueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1822, 252, pi. 13, Lake Ontario. 



Scicena grisea, Lesueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1822, 254, Ohio Eiver at Pittsburg, Pa. 



(Coll. Le Sueur). 

 Gorvinarichardsoni, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 100, 1830, Lake Huron; 



based on an abnormal specimen with but 18 developed rays in the second dorsal ; GiJN- 



THER, Cat. Fish., Il, 298, 1860. 

 Amblodon concinnus, Agassiz, Amer. Jour. Sci. Arts, xvii, 1851, 307, Tennessee River. 

 Amblodon lineatus, Agassiz, Amer. Jour. Sci. Arts, xvii, 1854, 307, Osage River. 

 Amblodon negleetus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1858, 167, Rio Grande; Gibard, 



TJ. S. and Mex. Bound. Survey, 12. pi. 5, figs. 6-10, 1859. 

 Amblodon gninniens, Rafinesque, Ichth. Ohieusis, 24, 1820; Girard, TJ. S. Pac. R. R. 



Survey, 96, pi. 23, 1858. 

 Haploidonotus grunniens, Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 18G1, 104 ; Joudan & Gilber r. 



Synopsis, 567, 1883. 

 Corvina oscula, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 98, 1830. 

 Corvina oscula, GiJNTHER, Cat. Fish., ii, 297, 1860. 

 Corvina {Amblodon) neglccta, Steindachner, Ichth. Notizen, vi, 38, 1867. 



