Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North America. 1511 



behind base of pectorals, tlieir ends not reaching to tip of pectorals; dor- 

 sal spines much shorter than the soft rays, the last the longest; soft dorsal 

 highest in front; anal spines very small, the third the longest, much 

 shorter than the soft rays; caudal widely forked. Color silvery, steel 

 blue on back; angle of preopercle with a dark spot; a dark blotch on 

 upper end of opercle ; dorsals dusky, darker at ends of rays ; anal dusky ; 

 tips of veutrals black ; axil of pectoral dusky, the fin white ; caudal black- 

 ish at base, tips black. Described from a specimen 8 inches in length, 

 collected in Japan by Mr. Keiuosuke Otaki. (Named for C. J. Temmiuck, 

 one of the authors of the splendid Fauna Japanica. ) 



Ditrema temminckii, Bleeker, Verh. 15at. Genootsch., xxv, Japan, 33 ; Gunther, Cat., 



IV, 246, 1862. 

 Ditrema Iceve, Gunther, Cat., n, 392, 1860, Japan. 



Neoditrema, Steindachner. 

 Neoditrema, Steindachner, Beitr. Kenntn. 'Fisclie Japans, ll, 32, 1883 (ravsonnetii). 



This genus is allied to Diirema, but lacks tpeth in the jaws, and the lower 

 lip is without frennm. Scales very small, deciduous, 70 in lateral line. 

 Japan, (z'eos, new; Ditrema.) 



Neoditrema kansonnetii, Steindachner. 



Head 3| to 31; depth 3i. D. YI to VIII-21 or 22; A. Ill, 26 or 27; eye 

 3f in head; interobital 4; snout 4. Body strongly compressed, especially 

 the belly under the pectorals ; anterior profile more or less concave ; under 

 lip projecting, thin, not interrupted in the middle; maxillary reaching to 

 below anterior edge of orbit. Anal spines short; caudal forked, as long 

 as head; ventrals equal head without snout. Scales cycloid, 3 or 4 roAvs 

 on cheek; top of head, maxillary, lips, and orbitals naked; a few scales 

 on soft dorsal and anal; pharyngeals as in Ditrema. Back to lateral line 

 dark golden brown, under parts golden yellow ; the middle of caudal fin 

 is light yellow, at its base and end of fin dark brownish violet. Two 

 specimens in the museum at Vienna, from Yokohama; a larger specimen 

 collected by Dr. Doderlein, 170 mm. long. (Steindachner.) 

 Neoditrema rangunnctii, Steindachner, Bcitriige zur Kenntniss derFische Japans, n, 32, 

 1883, Yokohama. (Coll. Baron Ransounet and Dr. Doderlein.) 



Suborder OHROMIDES. 



Lower pharyngeals fully united ; nostril single on each side ; in other 

 respects similar to the I'ercoidea on the one hand, and to the PliaryngoijnatH 

 on the other, showing characters of both, with the uniiiue feature of the 

 simple nostrils. Species very numerous, referable to 2 large families — the 

 one marine, living about coral reefs, the other fluviatile, swarming in the 

 rivers of the troj)ics, especially in those of South America. 



a. Anal spines 3 to 10 ; gills 4, a slit behind the fourth ; paeudobranchi* obsolete ; verte- 

 bra- in increased number; fresh water species. Cichlid.k, CLVIEI. 

 aa. Anal spines 2 only; gills 3J, slit behind fourth small or none; pseudobranchiaj 

 well developed ; vertebrse 24 or 25 ; marine species. Pomacentru)^, CLIX. 



