Jordan and Evcrmann. — Fishes of North America. 1833 



Ic. SEBASTODES CAPEXSIS (Gmelin). 



Head 3; depth 3^ in total length. D.XIII, 13; A. Ill, 6; lateral line 70; pyloric creca 

 11. Upper surface of head rather flat, with low ridges and 80me depressed spines behind 

 orbit. Interorbital width 6 in head. Maxillary reaching beyond middle of eye. Third 

 to seventh dorsal spines nearly equal, 3 in head; second anal spine longest. Eeddish. 

 Cape Seas. (Giinther.) 



Steindachner has compared S. oculatus, Cnvier & Valenciennes, with specimens of S. 

 capensis from the Cape of Good Hope, and found no dift'erenco whatever between them, 

 and considers them identical. The early history of the group is full of identifications of 

 different species whose distinctness is now established beyond a doubt, and it is desirable 

 that extensive comparisons be made between these two species before they are merged. 

 There are some striking discrepancies in the various descriptions and figures of S. capen- 

 sis, and it would not be surprising if a close study should reveal several Avell-marked 

 species at the Cape itself. 



Pcrca dorso inonopterygio, Gronow, Zoopliylaceum, No. 293, 88, 1763. 

 Scorpcena capensis, Gmeli.v. Syst. Xat., iii, 1219, 1788, Cape of Good Hope. 

 Scorpmia africana, Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 206, 1802, Cape of Good Hope. 

 Seoastes capensis, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 341, 1829; Quoy & Gai- 



MAED, Astrol., Vol. Ill, Poiss., 690, pi. 11. fig. 3, 1834; Smith, Ulustr. S. Air. Pisces, pi. 



22, fig. 1, 1845; GiJNTHER, Cat., Fish., ll, 96, 1860. 

 Perca afra, Geonow, Cat. Fish., Ed. Gray, 113, 1854, Cape of Good Hope. 



III. Allied to Sebastodes aleutianus, is the Japanese Species. 



I. SEBASTODES MATSUBAR.E (Hilgendorf). 



(Aka uwo.) 

 Head 2J. D. XIII, 12; A. Ill, 6; P. 20 (fS); lateral line about 36. Preocular, supra- 

 ocular, postocular, tympanic, coronal, parietal, and nuclial spines present; preoculars 

 large, the parietal and nuchal spines close together at the end of a sharp-edged parietal 

 ridge. A pair of weak ridges on interorbital space, between them a median groove. Pre- 

 orbital with 3 spines, the first blunt, rounded, the second and third successively more 

 pointed, the last directed nearly downward. Scales moderate ; head nearly completely 

 scaled; pectoral fin scaly. Horizontal diameter of eye 2f in head, -j in length of snout. 

 Interorbital space li in vertical diameter of eye, 4 in head. Maxillary reaching beyond 

 middle of eye. Longest spine of first dorsal 2J in head, the last but one, 4, and the last 

 spine, 3i in the head; second and third anal spines equal iu length, 2J in head. Eye 

 large. Color red. (Hilgendorf.) The type on which this description is based came from 

 the Island of Honto. Another larger specimen from farther south (Yezo) differed from 

 the above iu the following characters: Anterior spine of the preorbital not developed, 

 and the third spine double. D. XIII, 14; A. Ill, 8; P. 18 (l"). Lateral line 32 to 36. 

 Scales larger, those on pectoral fins prickly. Head 3; horizontal diameter of eye 3J in 

 head, J in length of snout. Interorbital space IJ iu vertical diameter of eye. Maxillary 

 caching middle of eye. Last dorsal spine but one, 5J, and the last one, 3f in head ; secoudr 

 and third anal spines 3 in head. The local name of this form is aka uwo. Honto, Tezo, 

 Japan. The specimens from the Aleutian Islands, in Pallas's collection (No. 8145, Mus. 

 Berlin) referred by Ur. Hilgendorf to S.niatsubarce, is our Sebastodes aleutianus, an allied 

 species with smaller scales and lower spines. (Named for Matsubara, a Japanese nat- 

 uralist.) 



Sebastes matsuharce, Hilgendoep, Sitzb. Gesell. naturf. Freunde 1880, 170, Honto, No. 

 11280, Mus. Ber. ; Yezo, No. 11279, Mus. Ber. 



' IV. Species allied to Sebastodes nebulosus, feom Japan. 

 m. SEBASTODES NIVOSUS (Hilgendorf). 



(KOGUMESO or KeSHIMUTO; GOMA SOI.) 



Head and depth 2§ (about 3^ in total length). D. XIII, 12 ; A. Ill, 6 ; P. /y ; lateral line 

 70, pores 36 to 39. Nasal, preocular, postocular, tympanic, and parietal spines present. 

 3030 38 



