Jordan and Evermann, — Fishes of North America. 1933 



times In length of second and third dorsal spines; length of snout, or 

 distance from end of snont to orbit, equals long diameter of eye aud \ 

 length of npper jaw; length of maxillary eciuals twice leiigtli of candal 

 peduncle, and \ lengtli of anal base; mandible 2 in head, or 51^ body. 

 There are 2 obtuse spines on the snout, 2 above the posterior parts of the 

 orbits, and 2 on tbe vertex, the last 4 being provided with short filaments, 

 none on the spine of the snout. There are 2 minute, barbel-like filaments 

 on the chin, and there is 1 short cutaneous tag close to the end of each 

 maxilla aud on the membrane at the upper angle of the gill opening. The 

 distance of the spinous dorsal from the snout equals 2^ times the length of 

 its first spine, its lengtli of base equals the greatest width of the head. 

 The second and third dorsal spines are equal, their length being contained 

 nearly 5 times in the length of the body; fourth dorsal spine longest, its 

 ]ength4iiubody ; fifth dorsal spine 5 times in body ; last dorsal spine shorter 

 than the antecedent spine of the second dorsal ; longest raj' of second dorsal A 

 as long as distance of pectoral from snout, the last ray \ as long as the 

 antecedent spine ; distance of the anal from the snout nearly twice that of 

 the spinous dorsal from the same point ; length of the anal base twice that 

 of the maxillary ; longest anal ray twice as long as the last ; tips of the 

 anal rays free from the membrane, some of them for a distance equal to \ 

 the diameter of the orbit ; length of the middle caudal rays 4^^ times in 

 that of the body, the length of the external rays, 4 times; length of the 

 longest pectoral ray nearly twice that of the fifth dorsal spine, extending 

 to vertical through the root of the sixth anal ray ; distance of ventral from 

 snout equals 3 times the long diameter of the orbit ; length of longest ven- 

 tral ray nearly \ that of the body, extending to vertical through the root 

 of the seventh anal ray; tipsof tlie rays extending beyond the membrane, 

 in one case about \ of the length of the fin ; ventrals furnished with stiff 

 setfe on their under surface, following the course of the rays. Color: The 

 ground color of the npper part of the l)ody is a light grayish brown, on 

 which are 4 markings of a darker brown, of which the first 3 are band-like 

 and extend below the lateral line, while the fourth is widest below and 

 sends only a narrow point below the lateral line; between the third and 

 fourth large body markings there is a small blotch of similar color begin- 

 ning at the lateral line and extending downward a distance equal to al)out 

 \ the long diameter of the orbit ; at the base of the caudal is a band-like 

 marking similar in color to tbe body markings, and the posterior half of 

 the caudal bears 2 obscure bands of brown ; between the brown markings 

 there is an area of yellowish white; top of head sienna brown; cheeks 

 brown, of a darker tint than the ri'st of the head; lower parts of head yel- 

 lowish white, as are the bases of the pectoral and the anterior part of the 

 belly; lower parts of the body grayish white, dotted here and there with 

 spots of milky white, largest of these milky-white spots is not more than 

 j as long as the orbit; belly with some similar spots, resembling m this 

 respect the male of Myoxoccphalus granlandicHS, but the spots are much 

 smaller than in that species; spinous dorsal mainly very dark brown, with 

 2 light areas in its anterior aud posterior parts; second, third, and fourth 

 body markings continued upon the soft dorsal ; that proceeding from the 



