8 H. B. Ferris, M.D. 



closely related group, the Aymara. D'Orbigny's measurements 

 covered little more than stature but Chervin's data included 

 twenty different measurements. There should also be mentioned 

 a study of osteological material from Machu Picchu by George 

 F. Eaton (3). The report of the former Yale Peruvian Expe- 

 dition included a study of twenty-one measurements of the body 

 and extremities, twenty of the head and face with the indices 

 derived therefrom as well as observations on the eyes, teeth, skin 

 and its appendages, deformations and anomalies. Comparisons 

 of the results obtained from the data of the former expedition 

 with those of the recent expedition will be considered under 

 each topic. It is to be regretted that such comparisons cannot 

 be made in every instance on account of the lack of some of the 

 measurements in the data obtained by the last expedition. 



Some of the tentative conclusions reached from the former 

 study were, that the Quichua were of low stature, with broad 

 shoulders. That in relation to stature the upper extremity was 

 long, especially the forearm, and the lower extremity short, 

 especially the thigh, and the triceps siirae muscle greatly devel- 

 oped. The scalp hair is black and straight, the beard sparse, 

 grayness and alopecia rare and the panniculus adiposus poorly 

 developed. On the average the Quichua is mesaticephalic and 

 generally hypsicephalic. As to physiognomy they are eury- 

 prosopic with prominent malar region, lips somewhat thick and 

 procheilous, ear mesotic, nose with straight or slightly sinuous 

 dorsum and divergent nostrils and mesorrhine in proportions. 

 An average brain weight of 1265 grams estimated from cranial 

 measurements placed the Quichua in the nresocephalic group. 



Pathological Observations. 

 Among those measured no congenital and only two acquired 

 malformations were observed. One of these was a deformed 

 finger and the other the loss of the terminal phalanx of one 

 finger. Twenty males, or 23.5%. were pockmarked, and eleven 

 females, or i6.i9r. One case of hemorrhoids and one cretin 

 (No. 126). both females, were observed, and a single case of 

 varicose veins of the leg. One male presented a scar near the 

 left angle of the mandible, which was the result probably of 

 tubercular lymph nodes, and there was one case of conjunctivitis. 



