28 H. B. Ferris, M.D. 



The width averages 37, the greatest 46. the least 30, and the 

 variation range of 16. 



A comparison of these measurements with those obtained by 

 the Expedition of 1912 shows them so regularly larger, espe- 

 cially the height, that one must believe that a different technique 

 •was employed. The difficulty in measuring the height of the 

 nose in the living is the determination of the nasion. The fact 

 that the average nose height varies racially from 41.7 to 52.2 

 and nose breadth from 35. to 44. seems also to indicate that we 

 are dealing here with excessive measurements of height, due 

 probably to the inaccurate determination of the nasion. as also 

 seemed probable in the case of the face height measurement. 



The physiognomic nasal index averages in the male Quichua 

 70, with extremes of 86.5 and 55.2, showing a variation range of 

 31.3. In the female the average is 69.0, the greatest 100, and 

 the least 55.4, with a variation range of 44.6. This average is 

 considerably less than that obtained by the previous expedition 

 (81.8) and is due to the greater heights obtained as a result 

 probably of locating the nasion too high. 



This average of 70 just places the male in the mesorrhine 

 group with Chinese (72.9), Sioux (75.4), and Shoshoni (83.1). 

 The female just fails to get into the mesorrhine group. In spite 

 of the average index in the male placing" him in the mesorrhine 

 group, the larger percentage is found in the leptorrhine group, 

 as indicated by the following table, showing the grouping of the 

 Quichua according to the nasal index : — 



Males Females 



per cent per cent 



Leptorrhine (5-69.9) 57-7? 64.7? 



Mesorrhine (70-84.9) 38.8? 30.9? 



Chamaerrhine (85-99.9) 3-5? 2.9? 



Hyperchamaerrhine ( 100-) — — 1.5 ? 



The seriation tables indicate the extent of variability in the 

 various nasal measurements in the male and female. 



The accompanying table illustrates the relation of the shape 

 of the nose to age. It shows that the nose is higher and broader 

 in the old person, i. e., increases in height and breadth with age, 

 but that the height increases more than the breadth, increase in 

 the latter being more noticeable in the female. 



