264 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL .VUSEUM. 



VOL. XXV. 



a. Body comparatively deep, the deptli in the adult about 1| in the length. 



b. Dorsal and anal rays about 34; dorsal fin in adult with the second soft ray 

 much produced; none of the caudal rays produced; sides with several rather 



faint horizontal interrupted dark bars cirrhifer, 10. 



bb. Dorsal rays 27 or 28; depth If in length; scales very rough; no cirri on the fins; 



color, clouded brown japonicus, 11. 



act. Body elongate, the depth about 2\ in the length; soft dorsal and anal high, of 

 about 26 rays; one or more of the caudal rays produced in long filaments; 

 color, mottled brown obhngus, 12. 



lo. STEPHANOLEPIS CIRRHIFER (Schlegel). 



KAWAHAGI (SKIN SCRAPER), MAHAGI (TRUE SCRAPER), KAWAMUKI 

 (SKIN PEELER); TOKOSE; CHUKO; TSANOKE. 

 ? ? Monacanthus setifer Bennett, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc, 1830, p. 112. 

 Monacanthus setifer GOnther, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 239; in part Japan, 



China, Zanzibar.— Nystrom, Sven. Vet. Handl., 1887, p. 47; Nagasaki. — 



IsHiKAWA, Prel. (M., 1897, p. 3; Boshu, Misaki; not of Bennett. 

 Monacanthus cirrhifer Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1846, p. 290, pi. cxxx, fig. 



1; Nagasaki.— Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Nederl., Ill, 1857, Japan, IV, p. 



31.— Steindachner, Reise Aurora, 1898, p. 223; Kobe.— Jordan and Snyder, 



Check List. 1901, p. 93; Yokohama. 

 Monacanthm komuki Bi,eeker, Verb. Ak. Wet., I, 1853, p. 13, fig. 1; Kaminoseki, 



D. I. 32; A. 31.— Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Nederl., Ill, 1857, Japan, 



IV, p. 31; Kaminoseki. 



Head 3|; depth If to If; D. I. 34; A. 33. Body deep, .strongly 

 compressed. Head mitch deeper than long; snout produced, and the 

 upper protile. line concave; lips thick and fleshy; edg-es of snout smooth; 

 teeth powerful, the edges emarginate; upper jaw projecting when the 

 mouth is closed; eye high up, 4 in head, 1 in space between its lower 

 margin and gill opening, 3 in snout and 4 in interorbital space; gill 

 opening as long as its distance from eye above, and with a fleshy flap; 

 spinous dorsal directly behind eye, and much nearer soft dorsal than 

 tip of snout; spine roughened on front, not thick, and with a series of 

 antrorse barbs along the sides; its length varying from one-half to two- 

 thirds the space between its base and first soft dorsal ray. Soft dorsal 

 higher than anal and caudal peduncle, and with its anterior rays the 

 highest; caudal rays strong, the edge of fin convex but exceeding the 

 caudal peduncle. Ventral spine small, roughened, and movable. 

 Body smooth, but roughened l)etween the ventral spine and the anus. 



Color in spirits ])rownish; dorsal spine with four dark-brown l)ars; 

 bases of soft dorsal and anal dark brown; the edges of the tins paler; 

 caudal pale brown, with a terminal and median dark-brown bars; on 

 sides many indistinct longitudinal bars of dark blown and on head 

 and belly numerous small, indistinct brownish spots. Here described 

 from specimens from Nagasaki, the largest reaching lOi inches. 



In young examples the markings on the sides are more distinct; 

 and a dark spot is mostly evident on the upper side of the ])ack; the 

 gill opening shorter than the eye; dorsal spine robust. In only 3 



