NO. 1296. JAPANESE CH^TODONTID.E— JORDAN AND FO WLER. 517 



and anal; a series of bony plates along base of soft dorsal and anal, 

 none along- spinous dorsal; each plate armed with a pair of spines. 

 Gill rakers short. Dorsal tins separate, near together; dorsal spines 

 high and strong, some of them filamentous; anal spines 4; ventral rays 

 1, 7. Species rather few, fishes of remarkable appearance, all of the 

 Old World, and all marked })y a round black spot i»i the middle of the 

 side. 



(Zfijg, Jupiter, the conmion riohn Dory having been called ^^Piscis 

 Jovil.'^) 



2. ZEUS JAPONICUS Cuvier and Valenciennes. 



KANETATAKI (GONG RINGER); MATODAI (TARGET PERCH); MATOUWO 

 (TARGET FISH). 



Poisson d Miroir du Japan Tilesics, Kruseiisterns' Reise, Atlas, about 1809, 



pi. LI, tig. 1; Japan. 

 Zeus japonicus Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X, 1835, p. 24 (on a 



.Japanese drawing). — Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 123, pi. 



Lxvi A. ; Nagasaki {Zens faber japonicus on plate). — Bleeker, Verh. Bat. 



Gen., XXVI, 1857, Japan, p. 165. — Nystrom, Svensk. Vet. Ak. Handl., 1887, 



p. 32; Nagasaki.— IsHiKAWA, Prel. Cat. 1897, p. 43; Tokyo, Boshu, Nagasaki.— 



Steindachner, Reise Aurora, 1898, p. 211; Kobe. — Jordan and Snyder, 



Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 359; Tokyo. 



Head 2i; depth 2. D. X-23, A. iV-22, F. 14, V. 1-7; scales 

 15-110-80. Bodv compressed, deep, and covered with small cycloid 

 scales; no bucklers along the base of the spinous dorsal; along the 

 base of the soft dorsal 7 bony bucklers, and all but the first with 2 

 short, strong, thorn-like spines, the inner the larger, compressed in 

 front or above, directed backward, and the outer short, directed 

 backward, outward, or slightly forward; similar spines along the 

 base of the anal on each side; along the abdominal ridge of the body, 

 from the gill-opening, are a series of bon}" bucklers on each side, which 

 are 6 before the ventrals and 3 more in the middle between each series, 

 8 l)etween the latter and the anal; all the bucklers smooth without 

 radiating ridges, and, except those along the soft dorsal and anal, with 

 a single low, short spine directed backward. Head long, deep, greatly 

 compressed, the upper profile convex; snout a little over 2 in the head; 

 eye rather small, 2i in snout, li in head, and 2| in maxillary; anterior 

 margin of eye nearer the tip of the snout than the posterior margin 

 of the opercle; mouth large, deep, obliquely vertical, and with the 

 mandi))le protruding; the maxillary ))road distally, equal to three- 

 fourths the eye, and extending posteriorly below the posterior nostril; 

 lips ver}' broad and thin; teeth small in the jaws and directed inward; 

 nostrils close together and directl}" in front of the eye, the posterior 

 very much larger than the anterior; 2 spines behind the eye and above 

 its center, but the top of the head smooth and without any spines 

 over the eyes; distal extremities of the articulars produced into 2 small 



