556 PROrEEDrXas OF tiff: XATFOXAL MUSEUM. vol.. XXV. 



longest, covered with thick .skiii, and not e(iual to the highest anal 

 rays which are about the middle of the tin; pectoral much longer than 

 the head; ventral below^ pectoral and equal to two-thirds its length; 

 caudal slightly convex, the corners sharp. Space before spine on the 

 caudal peduncle covered with a tract of short, stifi'. bristle-like spines. 

 Caudal H\nno sharp, strong, and equal to the eye. Caudal peduncle 

 compressed, not thick, and 3 in the head. Color pale l>rown (some- 

 times bright lemon yellow), a silvery streak from gill-opening above 

 pectorals on the sides. Length 7 j^g inf'hes. Descril)ed from an example 

 from Okinaw^a of the l)rown variety called Zehraso//ia rhomhnoii. 



Of this species we have received one specimen, typical of Ardnf/iKru.'^ 

 scopas, from Nafa in Okinawa, where it was collected by Yonekichi 

 Koneyama. 



The form icnown as Zrhrasoma Jfavesceus. bright lemon 3"ellow in 

 color, found at Hawaii, is considered by Dr. (Tunther as an all)ino 

 form of ZehvdsoiiKi rJiomhrinii. On comparison of our specimen wnth 

 those from Hawaii, we find no dilierence whatever except in coloi-. 

 Probablj^ the typical flavescens is found in deep water, the variety 

 rhomheuin living near the shore. Such variations from brown to yel- 

 low are found in Sigaiius^ Peloi\ Antennar/us. and other genera. 



{jldi^eseenx^ growing yellow.) 



14. XESURUS Jordan and Evermann. 

 Xemrus Jordan and Evermanx, Check-list Fishes, 1896, \). 421 [jMnclatus). 



Teeth in 1 row, each 5-lobed; caudal peduncle armed with 8 or 4 

 large boii}- plates, placed in a right line, each one with a bluntish, non- 

 serrated keel. Ventral ra3^s 1, 5. Dor.sal with 8 or 9 spines; anal with 

 3. This genus is close to J^rumurus Lacepede, ditl'ering chiefly in the 

 character of the caudal armature, the plates in Pi'lnniirus being small, 

 sharper, serrated, and (J in number, besides a smaller plate below and 

 one above. 



{^eaig. scraping; ot'pd. tail.) 



24. XESURUS SCALPRUM (Cuvier and Valenciennes). 

 XIZA, NISADAl. 



AcantJiuriis scalprtim Laxgsdorp', Ms. 



Prionuriix xadprum Cuvier and Valencienxks, Hist. Poiss., X, 1835, p. 298; 

 Japan. — Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 129, pi. lx.x; Nagasaki.— Gtix- 

 THER, Cat. Fish, III, 1861, p. 347; Japan. — Steindachner and Duderlein, 

 Flsche Japans, III, 1884, p. 38; Tokyo. — Nystrom, Svensk, Vet. Handl., 

 1887, p. 37; Naga.saki.— Ishikawa, Prel. Cat, 1897, p. 34; Boshu.— Jordan 

 and Snyder, Check-List, 1901, p. 91; Yokohama. 



Naseus scalprum Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo. Nederi., VIII, Japan, VI, 1S60, 

 II. 79; Nagasaki. 



J'^tropliix^ fmiiosus Brevookt, Exped. Japan, 1856, p. 264, pi. vi, lig. 1; Nafa, Riu 

 kin Islands (Young called Sumikakuwo, soot-fish). 



' This name has been misquoted "Elsgilus," but Eltig'dm is a misprint and does not 

 occur in Brevoort's paper. 



