WARD.] COLLECTfOXS FROM LOWER LARAMIE STRATA. 541 



forms not elsewhere found. Among these was the small Ginkgo leaf, 

 which I have called Ginkgo Larnmieniiif:.' (Plate XXXI, Figure 4.) 



Several localities within the Green Eiver group were visited, espe- 

 cially in the vicinity of Green River Station and of Granger, but the 

 descrii)tiou of these will be oniitteil, and an account given only of locali- 

 ties belonging, with considerable certainty, to the Laramie group as it 

 has been defined. But one other such locality was visited in the year 

 1881, and respecting the geological position of this there is some donV)t. 

 This locality lies very near the boundary line between Wyoming and 

 Utah, some forty miles northwest of Granger, on the divide between the 

 Green and Bear Eiver valleys. The Oregon branch of the Union Pacific 

 Eailroad was then iu course of construction, and construction trains 

 were running sixteen or eighteen miles out from Granger. The line of 

 the railroad survey was followed from this point, and the plant beds 

 occurred in the ridge tlirougli which the tunnel was being excavated. 

 The place was then known as Hodges Pass, and my specimens are so 

 labeled. Fresh-water Tertiary deposits pi-evailed for the first thirty 

 miles or more, but they were observed to dip perceptibly to the east, 

 and at last disappeared about seven miles east of the divide. They 

 were succeeded here by coal seams, with which they were not con- 

 formable, the latter dipping strongly to the northwest. Very heavy 

 beds of coal occur in the vicinity of the i)ass, and some were reported 

 to have a thickness of sixty feet. The ridge through which the tunnel 

 was being constructed contained fossil plants at nearly all points. The 

 rock consists of a coarse, very arenaceous limestone, or calcareous 

 sandstone, the leaves being either scattered without much stratification 

 through the mass and lying at various angles to one another, often much 

 crumpled or folded, or else iu matted layers upon one another in par- 

 allel planes, and sometimes so abundant that the rock seems to consist 

 almost wholly of them. In either case it was difficult to obtain perfect 

 specimens. The impressions are very distinct, being of a dark color 

 upon the light matrix, and showing the presence of the silicified leaf- 

 substance. Notwithstanding the coarseness of the material the finer 

 details of nervation are often clearly exhibited. At first sight this flora 

 seemed to be exceedingly monotonous, owing to the prevalence of cer- 

 tain lanceolate or linear willow-shaped forms, but a close study of these 

 reveals considerable variety and the presence of several species and 

 two or three genera. With these, however, occur numerous less abun- 

 dant forms which lend considerable diversity to the flora of this locality. 



There are good reasons for believing that these beds belong to the 

 uppermost series of Laramie strata, and until more is known of them 

 they may be regarded as forming a northern member of the Evanston 

 coal field; the plants, however, differ widely from any found elsewhere. 



'Science, VoL V, June 19, 1885, p. 496, fig. 7. 



