Jordan and Evermatm. — Fishes of JVorth America, 33 



24. PRIONACE, Cautor. 

 (Blue Suarks.) 



PrioHodiM, MiiLLEii & IIenlk, Plagiostoraon, 3G, 1838, (glartciis, etc., namo preoccuijied). 

 Prioiiace, Cantor, Malayan Fishes, 399, 1850, (substitute for Prionodou). 

 Cynoa-phulKs, (Klein), Gill, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y.,1861, 401, {glanaii'). 



Largo sharks with the body and headsleuder; no spiracles; tho teeth 

 in both jaws strouglj' serrated in the adult, those in the upper jaw broad, 

 those below narrower, straight, and claviform ; first dorsal large, inserted 

 midway between axils of pectorals and ventrals; second dorsal much 

 smaller, usually not larger than anal ; embryo not attached to the uterus 

 by a placenta. Species rather few; large, slender, swift, voracious sharks 

 of the warm seas. The groups here called Frionace, Hypoprion, Apriono- 

 don, and Scoliodon are usually placed as subgenera under Carcharhinua or 

 Car'cluirias, as the group has been commonly called. Their retention as 

 distinct genera is apparently justified on the ground of convenience. 

 (-pt'uv, saw; (i/i/f, point). 



38. PKIONACE OLAUCA, (Linn»us). 

 (Great Blue Shark.) 

 Snout very long; nostrils rather nearer to the mouth than to the 

 extremity of the snout; no labial fold except a groove at the angle of 

 the mouth; teeth of the upper jaw oblique, scarcely constricted near the 

 base ; lower teeth slender, triangular in young examples, lanceolate, with 

 a broad base, in old ones. Pectoral fin long, falciform, extending to the 

 dorsal, which is nearer the ventrals than the root of the pectorals. Color 

 light bluish gray above, paler below. A large shark of the warm seas, 

 occasionally taken on our coasts (a few specimens from San Francisco 

 and Monterey). More common in Europe. (£u.) 



S(pialn^ glaums, Linn;eus, Syst. Nat., Ed.x, 235, 1758, Seas of Europe. 



Oarckarias glauciis, GuNTHER, Cat.,vin, 364,1870. 



CarLhurhinns ghniCH.<, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 22, 1883. 



Sqiiahts cieriileus, Blainville, Fauno Fran(;aise, 91, 1828, Medeiterranean. 



Squahii Itinindinacens, Valenciennes, in Miiller & Henle, Plagiostonion, 37, 1838, Brazil. 



25. CARCHARHINUS, Blainville. 



Carcharias,* Bafinesque, Carat ttri Alcuiii NuoviGeneri, 10, 1810, (in part; (a/iras, tlu> only species 



named). 

 Carcharhinus, Blainville, Journ. Pliys., 181G, 204 ; (covimersoui, a namis based on Lacepede's 



figure of " S'jnalus carcharias" ; it apparently represents CarcJiarhiniis lamin). 

 Carcharkut, CuviEU, Regno Animal, Ed. 1, 125, 1817, {earcha)-ias, expressly identified with Cauis 



carchariits of Belon (do Aquatilibus, 1, 60), wliich is the species commonly called Carcharian 



lamia). 

 Etdamin, GiLL, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 1861, 401, (lamia), 

 rialijpodtin. Gill,?, c, 401, (nicnison-ah). 

 Isogomphodon, Gill, ?. o.,401, {oxtjrhynchus). 

 Lamiopsif, Gill, /. c, 401, {temmincJH). 



*The namo Carcharias as a generic term was first useil by Rafinesque in 1810. It was thus de- 

 fined: 



"G. Carpharias. Nessuno spiraglio, due ale dorsali, un alaanali, cinque aperture branchiali 

 daogni lato. Coda disiguale obbliqiia. Oss., Questo genero e il jirimo nell' ordinodelli l^i/nalim, 

 e contiene lo specie le pifi enoriuo lo piu voraci; differisco notabilmeulo del gcueie Gidctis dalla 



F. N. A. 4 



