206 Bulletin 4J, United States National Museum. 



more or less mottled with dark; a dusky vertical bar behind the opercle; 

 dorsal and anal fins each with a dusky crossbar about half way up, the 

 rest of the fin olivaceous in females, fiery red in the males in the spring; 

 iris orange in males. Males in the spring with the head and often the 

 whole body covered with large rounded tubercles. In no other Ci/prinold 

 are these nuptial appendages so extensively developed. Extremely var- 

 iable, the young very different in appearance from the old males. 

 Length 6 to J^ inches. Central New York to Tennessee, Wyoming, and 

 Texas; everywhere abundant in deep or still places in small streams, run- 

 ning up small brooks to spawn in spring. Herbivorous. One of the most 

 interesting and curious of our fishes, {anomalus, extraordinary.) 



Rulilui annmahis, Uafinesque, Ichth.Oh., 52, 1820, Licking River, Kentucky. 



Cdtoslomm mehinotns, Rafinesque, Ic th. Oh., 58, 182(1, Ohio River. 



Exoglossum splniccj)halinn, CuviER & Valenciennes, xvii, 489, 1844, Wabash River. 



Leucisati prolixus, Storee, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., July, 1845, Alabama. 



Exoglossum dubium, Kirtland, Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., v, 1845, 272, Yellow Creek, Ohio. 



Chondrostoma pulltim, Agassiz, Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts, 1854, 357, Burlington, Iowa. (Coll. 

 Dr. J. H. Kausch.) 



Camposlonia namhan, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 185G, 176, Cadereita, and near Mon- 

 terey, New Leon. (Type, No. 75. Coll. Lieut. Couch.) 



Campostoma calUpteryx, Cope, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1804, 284, Flint River, Michigan. 

 (Coll. Prof. Manly Miles.) 



Camposlonia mormijriis, Cope, /. c, 284, Bruce, Michigan. (Coll. Miles.) 



Campostomagobioniion, Cope, I. c, 284, Bruce and Grosse Isle, Michigan. (Coll. Miles.) 



Campostoma hippops, Cope, I. c, 284, Platte River, Nebraska. (Coll. Dr. W. A. Ilamniond.) 



Camposloma aiiomulnm, Agassiz, Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts, 1855, 218; Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 

 149, 1883. 



Campostoma dnbiiim, GiiNTHER, Cat., vii, 183, 18G8. 



Camposloma proHxum, Jordan &. Gilbert, Synopsis, 150, 1883; this name applied to southern 

 specimens in which the teeth are usually 1, 4-4, 0. 



329. CAMPOSTOMA FORMOSULUM, Girard. 



Head 4; depth 4^. D. 8; A. 7; scales 46. Head short and blunt, with 

 broad, pi^ojecting snout. Grayish above, whitish below ; sides more or less 

 marmorate ; a black jiatch at base of caudal fin and one on the dorsal. San 

 Antonio River to the Rio Grande, {formosulum, diminutive of formosus, 

 pretty.) 

 Camposloma formosuhim, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, 170, Rio Sabinal, near San 



Antonio, Texas. (Type, No. 76. Coll. Dr. Kennorly.) Girard, U. S. & Mex. Bound. 



Surv., Zool., 41, pi. XXV, figs. 5-8, 1859 ; Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 150, 1883. 



loi. ORTHODON, Girard. 



Ortlwdon, GiRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, 182, (microlepidola). 



Body elongate. Jaws normal, the upper protractile, the lower sharp- 

 edged, with a knob at the symphysis; no barbel. Teeth 6-G or 6-5, much 

 compressed, lancet-shaped, erect, nearly straight. Upper limb of the 

 pharyngeal bone very broad and concave, separated by a deep notch from 

 the dentigerous portion, the bone thin and brittle. Intestinal canal elon- 

 gate, about 7 times the length of the fish; peritoneum black; scales small; 

 lateral line present. Dorsal fin opposite ventrals. Basal rays of caudal 

 largely developed. Anal basis short. Pseudobranchiai none. Gill rakers 

 moderate, clavate, the inner edge fringed. Size large. This genus is 



