Jordan and Evcrinann. — Fishes of North Atnerica. 221 



hooked, without griudhig surface. Scales moderate. Lateral line con- 

 tiuuous. Dorsal more or less posterior to veutrals. Anal basis short. 

 VertebriB 22+20 = 42. Species of large size, the largest of the cliubs found 

 in Eastern America, dift'ering from LeKciscns in the presence of a maxillary 

 barbel, {ai/iia, banner, i. e., dorsal fin ; the second i^art of the word was 

 elsewhere used by Kafinesiiue to mean "spotted.") 



LeucOSOMUS : (Aeu/cos, white ; <7u>;u.a, body): 



a. Origin of dorsal midway liotweeii nostril and base of caudal, between 13th and 11th ver- 

 tebnc ; scales not much crowded anteriorly. 

 h. Dorsal without blade spot ; scales large, silvery, about 45 in lateral line. 



cokpoiialis, 354. 

 Semotilus: 



aa. Origin of dorsal midway between middle of orbit and base of caudal, between 15th and 

 ICth vertebriP. Scales crowded anteriorly. 

 c. Dorsal with a black spot at l>ase of its anterior rays ; scales smaller, little silvery, 45 

 to 65 in lateral line. atkomaculatus, 355. 



Subgenus LEUCOSOMUS, Ileckel. 



354. SEMOTILUS COUPOKALIS (Mitcjiill). 



(Fall-fish ; Silver Chub ; Wind-fish ; Corporal.) 



Head 4; depth 4; eye 4^. D. 8; A. 8; scales 8-45-4; teeth 2, 5-4,2. 

 Body oblong, robust, little comx>ressed. Head large, convex, the snout 

 bluntly conic ; moutli large, terminal, somewhat obli(iue, the lower jaw 

 included; premaxillary below the level. of the eye, the maxillary barely 

 reaching front of orbit. Eye moderate, rather high up and anterior. 

 Barbel shorter than pupil, not evident in young specimens. Scales large, 

 22 in front of dorsal, not much crowded anteriorly. Dorsal fin slightly 

 behind middle of body, just behind veutrals, inserted behind 13th vertebra. 

 Fins moderate. Coloration brilliant; steel-blue above ; sides and belly sil- 

 very; malesinspring with the bellyaudlower fins rosyor crimson ; nospots 

 on the fins. Length 18 inches. Abundant from the St. Lawrence to the 

 James, east of the Alleghauies, in clear, swift streams, rock pools, below 

 cataracts, and in clear lakes ; not found west of the Alleghanies. It is 

 much the largest of the eastern Ci/prhiidiv, ranking with the western and 

 some European forms. " The chub is a soft fish and tastes like brown 

 paper, salted." (Thoreau.) (wrj^orrti/s, pertaining to the body ; Mitchill 

 calls the fish Corporal or Corporaalen.) 



Cypt-imis corporalis* Mitchill, Amer. Monthly Mag., i, July, 1817, 289, preliminary notice, 

 • 'Wallkill River; Mitchill, (. c, ii, February, 1818, 324, detailed description. 

 Cypriiiiis hiillaris, Kafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag., I, December, 1817, 120, Hudson River 



and Wood Creek. 

 Leucisais arijentems, Stouer, Fishes JIass., 90, 1839, Worcester County, Mass. 

 Leucisciis pulchellus, Stoker, Fishes Mass., 90, 1839, Walpole, Mass. 

 Leucisciis nilidns, DeKay, N. Y. Fauna : Fishes, 209, 1842, Lake Champlain. 

 Leuciscus chrynoptenis, DeKay, N. Y. Fauna : Fishes, 211, 1842, N. Y. Harbor. 

 Leucist-iis rotenfi>dus, CuviER & Valenoiknnes, xvii, 318, 1844, Carolina. 

 LeuciscKS 2)ulcheUiis, Storek, Synopsis, 412, 1S45, Massachusetts. 



Leucosumti.s catanutufs,-\- Baird in Icouog. Eucycl., ii, 210, and iu CorE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 1861, 623, Susquehanna River. 



* As to the priority of the names of Mitchill and Rafinesque, see note under Xolropis coriiiitns. 

 This species is evidently Mitchill's (^iij)iiiius cn}p(iriili.i, and tlie transfer of the name SemnlilKa 

 corpnralis to the uc.\.t species by Abbott", Putnam, and Cope, has been an unfortunate and confusiug 

 error. 



t According to Cope, the nominal species, calaractus and rhotliem, differ from the northern form, 

 pulchelivs {oT corporal in), in the smaller scales, these having 47 iu the lateral line, while ;)ii/.-7iW(tt8 

 in Massachusetts has 59. This difference has not been verified by later writers, who place all 

 under one liead. UUuther counts 45 to 48 iu specimens mostly from 31aiue and Canada. 



