250 Bulletin ^7, United States National Museum. 



Anal fin with its base more or less elongate, of from 13 to 40 rays ; (9 

 rays in one species). Teeth 5-5, hooked, %Yith grinding surface, the edges 

 of which, in American species, are more or less crenate. Alimentary canal 

 short, though rather longer than the body. Size rather large. As here 

 understood, the American genus Xotemigonus is included in Ahramis, 

 from which it differs in the much shorter anal fin, from 9 to 18 rays instead 

 of 20 to 40. There is much variation in the length of the anal and in the 

 form of the mouth among the species left in Abramis, and a reunion or a 

 different division of the group may be necessary. In the American species, 

 Notemifioniis, the teeth are more or less crenate, in form approaching the 

 serrated teeth of the European genus Scardiniits. In the European sub- 

 genera, ^^rajHis and .B« Her ms, the teeth are entire. In ^«nen<s there are 

 30 to 40 anal rays ; in Airamis proper 20 to 28. (Ahramis, an old name of 

 the Bream, Abramis hrama.) 



NoTEMiGONUS (vwTos, back ; rjfii-, half; ycavia, augla; the back being almost carinated.) 

 a. Teeth crenate or serrate ; mouth terminal ; anal shortish, its rays less than 20. 



h. Anal fin with 12 to 18 rays ; scales in the lateral line 43 to 55. crysoleucas, 394. 



bb. Anal fin with 9 or 10 rays ; scales in lateral line about 40. gaedoneus, 395. 



Subgenus NOTEMIGONUS, Rafinesquo. 

 394. ABRAMIS CRYSOLEUCAS (Mitchill). 

 (Golden Shiner; Roach; Bream.) 

 Head 4i; depth 3; eye moderate, about 4 in head. D.8; A. 13, (12 to 

 14) ; scales 10-46 to 55-3 ; teeth 5-5. Body moderately elongate, strongly 

 compressed. Head short, subconic, compressed, the profileisomewhat con- 

 cave. Mouth small, oblique, the upper lip on level of upper part of pupil, 

 the maxillary not reaching front of eye. Fins medium. Color clear 

 greenish above ; sides silvery, with bright golden reflections ; fins yellow- 

 ish, the tips of the lower fins sometimes slightly orange in spring males. 

 Length 12 inches. Nova Scotia and Maryland to Dakota and Texas; 

 everywhere abundant in bayous and weedy ponds. One of the mostj 

 familiar and characteristic of our Cyprinidoe. (xp^'^^<:, gold • As i/ctif , white. 



Oyprinns cri/solenats, Mitchill, Kept. Fish. N. Y., 23, 1814, New York 



Ci/priuns kemqilus, Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag., 1817, 121 Lake George ; Saratoga 



Lake. 

 Noiemigonns auraius, Rafinesque, Journ. Phys., 1819, 421, Falls of Ohio River. 

 Hemiplus lacuslris, Rafinesque, "Annals of Nature, i,6," 1820, Lake George. 

 Aii-iimis I'ersicolnr, De Kay, N. Y. Fauna : Fishes, 191, 1842, Connecticut and Hudson 



rivers; Peekskill. 

 Lvxilus'seco, Girard, I'roc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. , 185G, 203, Rio Seco, tributary of Rio Nueces, 



Texas. (Coll. Kennerly.) 

 Luxiliisleplosomus, Girarii, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, 203, and U. S. Mix. lloiiiul. Surv., Iclitli., 



00,1859, Dry Creek, Victoria, Texas. (Coll. Kennerly.) 

 Leucixruf, Leucosomtm, Lnxihis, Plarijyrtt.i, Stilbe, Slilbius, or j46rm»is <ti»e)(i(tHi(.<: of various authors, 



(not Cyprimts americaniis, L., 1758.) 

 Stilbe americana. Cope, Cypr. Penn., 389, 1866. 

 Levcosovius americamis, Storer, Fishes Mass., 283, 1867. 

 Abramis americanus, Gvnther, Cat., viz, 305,1868. 

 Abramis'! leptosomus, GOntiier, Cat., Vli,. 306, 1868. 

 Koletiiiyoniis chrysoUucns, Jordan, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mur., x, r>.'j, 1877 ; .foiiOAN .t (iii.isERT, Synopsis, 



2.';0,1883. 

 Noteinigonus leplosomiis, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 250, 1883. 



