Jordan and Evertnann. — Fishes of North America. 327 



except for a few scales in front. Pectoral fins large and pointed, reach- 

 ing ventrals, the latter to vent ; front of dorsal a trifle before ventrals 

 aud a little nearer snout than caudal. Color plain, with a plumbeous 

 luster along sides, and traces of a dusky lateral stripe behind dorsal. 

 Lengtli 2^ inclies. (Forbes.) One specimen from the Ohio River at Cairo, 

 probably adult, as the snout is tuberculate. A doubtful species, per- 

 haps the young of /'. gracilis, {jxiliidus, pale.) 



Fiatijijdhio j)o//((/hs, Fouhes, MS., Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 220, 188.'?, Ohio River, at 

 Cairo, Illinois. (Coll. ForboB.) 



133. EXOGLOSSUM (Rafinesque). 



Exoglnssnvi, Rafinesque, .lourn. Ac. Nat. Soi. Phila., I, 1818, 420, {lesuewiimum). 

 MaxilHiiijiia, Rafinesqi'E, /. c, 1818, 421, (mfij-illingua). 



Body moderately elongate, little compressed. Mouth peculiar, the 

 mandible being contracted and incurved, its outline strongly 3-lobed; 

 this appearance is due to the fact that the dentary bones lie close 

 together, parallel, and are united throughout their length, instead of 

 forming a broad arch, as in all other Cyprinoid fishes; lower lip repre- 

 sented by a broad, fleshy lobe on each side of the mandible. Upper jaw 

 not protractile; upper lip thick, somewhat plicate. Pharyngeal bones 

 small, the tooth hooked, without grinding surface, 1, 4-4, 1. Scales 

 moderate. Lateral line complete. Fins without spines. Dorsal slightly 

 behind ventrals. Anal basis short. Isthmus broad. Gill rakers weak. 

 Pseudobranchije present. Air bladder normal. Alimentary canal short; 

 peritoneum white. Size rather large. Sexual changes not marked, the 

 males with some black pigment. One of the most strongly marked genera 

 of Cyprinidu, with a single species, (ecw, outside ; y/iioaoa, tongue.) 



54.5. EXOfiliO.SSUM MAXILLINGUA (Le Sueur). 

 (Ci'T-Lips ; Nigger Chub; Nigger Dick.) 



Head 4; depth U. D. 8; A. 7; scales 8-53-5; teeth 1, 4-4, 1. Body 

 rather stout, little compressed. Head large, broad and flattish above, 

 with tumid cheeks. Mouth moderate, slightly oblique, the end of maxil- 

 lary not reaching line of orbit. Upper jaw longer than lower. Scales 

 rather crowded anteriorly, those in front of dorsal small. Color oliva- 

 ceous, smoky or dark above; a blackish bar behind opercle, and a dusky 

 shade at root of caudal in young; fins unmarked. Length 6 inches. Lake 

 Ontario, St. Lawrence River, Lake Champlain, Hudson River, and Cayuga 

 Lake, and southward to Virginia; abundant in the basins of the Susque- 

 hanna, Hudson, Potomac, James, Roanoke, and Kanawha, but not widely 

 distributed. One of the most singular of the Cyprinidw, distinguished 

 at sight by its 3-lobed lower jaw. (maxima, jaw ; lingua, tongue.) 

 Oypnrms maxilUngnn, Le Sueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. I'liila., i, 1817, 8."), Pipe Creek, Mary- 

 land. 

 Exoglosmim anwihituiii, Rafinesque, Journ. Ac. Nat. ,'^ri. Pliila., i, 1818, 421, Hudson River. 

 Eroglossnm nujrc.treu!:, Rafinesque, l.^:, 1818, 421, Lake Champlain. 

 Exoglossum rilhiliim, Rafinesque, I. c, 1818, 421, Hudson River. 

 Exoglosmm lesiienrianiini , Rafinesque, /. c, 1818, 421, (after Le Sueur). 



Exoglossom maxilUiKjna, Gunther, Cat., vii, 188, 1868; Cope, Cypr. Peun., 360, 1866; Jordan & 

 Gilbert, Synopsis, 160, 1883. 



