448 Bulletin ^7, United States National Afi/seum. 



7»6. STOLEPHOKUS PA> AMENSIS iStcimUicliuer). 



Head 4.1; depth 3§ to 3i ; eye about 3i. D 12; A 31 to 36; scales 35. 

 Body strongly compressed, the outlines not strongly arched. Snout 

 short, bluntly conical, not t length of the large eye. Maxillary pointed 

 behind, reaching gill opening ; evident teeth in both jaws ; no process on 

 subopercle. Insertion of dorsal a little nearer posterior edge of eye than 

 caudal; caudal longer than head; pectorals long, reaching anal. Pale, a 

 well-marked silvery-gray lateral band. Length 6 inches. Panama; not rare. 



EiiijrauU.s jHinaniensis, Steindachner, Ichtb. Beitr., iv, 39, 1875, Panama. 



737. STOLEPHORUS SPINIFER (Cuvier & Valenciennes). 



Head 4 ; depth 4i. D. 15; A. 37 or 38. Abdomen compressed, not ser- 

 rated ; snout pointed, much projecting ; each jaw with minute teeth ; 

 maxillary tapering, reaching gill opening ; subopercle x'rojecting beyond 

 opercle, forming a small triangular prominence, (lill rakers slender, 

 longer than eye, 10 + 16. Insertion of dorsal considerably nearer tip of 

 snout than base of caudal ; pectorals reaching ventra.s. Coloration uni- 

 form, r.o distinct lateral stripe. Length 6 inches. Coast of Guiana; 

 recorded from Panama by Steindachner. (Giinther.) {sji'ina, spine; fei'o, 

 1 bear; in allusion to the subopercular process.) 



Engraulis sjmiifer, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Toiss., xxi, 30, 1848, Cayenne ; GiiN- 

 THEH, Cat., VII, 384, 1868. 



219. ENGRAULIS, Cuvier. 



(Anchoviks.) 



Engranlii, Cuvieh, B&gne Animal, Ed. i, 174, 1817, (encrasicholus). 

 Encrasiclioins, Fleming, British Animals, 183, 1828, {e>icr<ii>icholtts). 



We separate from Stohj>hori(s as a distinct genus, the typical species of 

 EngrauUs, with a few related species, the anchovies of the north and 

 south Temperate zones, the species of Stolephorus being confined chiefly to 

 the tropics. The technical basis of this division, the increased number 

 of vertebnv in EngrauUs, is connected with the geographical distribution 

 of its species. EngrauUs includes spindle-shaped species, little com- 

 pressed, the sides rounded, the vertebra; in larger number (about 45*), the 

 flesh rather dark, tender, and somewhat oily, not translucent, the bones 

 soft, the appearance and flesh resembling that of the sardines. (tyypavXig, 

 engraulis, tlie ancient name of EngrauUs encrasicholus, the common 

 anchovy of Europe.) 



a. Head very long, the snout projecting ; gill rakers very long, much longerthaneye ; A. 22; 

 no distinct.Bilvery lateral band ; jaws with small teeth. uokdax, 738. 



738. ENGRAULIS MORDAX, Girard. 



(California Anchovy.) 



Head 3i; depth 5^. D. 14; A. 22; scales 40: B. 14. Vertebra- 

 23 -f- 22 = 45. Body spindle-shaped, formed much as in a sardine, little 

 compressed, rounded above, slightly carinated below, not serrated ; head 



* 44 or 40 in E. mordax ; 46 or 47 in S. encrasicholus. 



