508 Bulletin 4y, United States National Museum. 



elevated, deeper, and less compressed than in S. fontinalis. Head large, 

 snout broad, flattened above. Mouth large, the maxillary reaching past 

 the eye. Fins short; the caudal fin slightly forked or almost truncate; 

 adipose fin usually large ; in large specimens its length is twice that of the 

 eye. General color olivaceous ; the sides with round red spocs nearly the 

 size of the eye, the back commonly with smaller pale ones, a feature of 

 coloration which distinguishes this species at once from the others ; lower 

 fins colored as in S. fontiiialifi, dusky, with a pale stripe in front, followed 

 by a dark one ; sea-run specimens silvery, with the spots faint or obso- 

 lete; fins and back without dark reticulations. Gill covers without con- 

 centric striie. Length 5 to 20 inches. Streams east and west of the Cascade 

 Range from the Upper Sacramento to Montana, Alaska, and Kamchatka, 

 generally abundant northward, descending to the sea, Avhere it reaches a 

 weight of about 12 pounds. One of the most beautiful and active of all 

 the Salmonidw. In small mountain brooks, dwarf forms occur (as var. 

 lordii, etc.), but it is not necessary to distinguish these by separate names. 

 {Malma, a vernacular name in Kamchatka.) 

 Goltra, KiiASCHENiNNiKow, Descr. Kamch., 183, 1768, Kamchatka. 

 Mahiia, Tennant, Arctic Zotil., Introd., 126, 1792, Bering Sea; after Steller, etc. 

 Salvia malma, WALBAtJM, Artedi Pisciiim, 66, 1792, Kamchatka; based ou Malma, of Pennant. 

 Salmo curilus, Pallas, Zoogr. Kosso-Asiat., iii, 251, 1811, Curile Islands. 

 Salmo callaris, Pallas, Zoogr. Kosso-Asiat., in, 353, 1811, Bering Sea; Guntheb, Cat., vi, 143, 



1866. 

 Salmopemhinensis, FaiIj AS, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., iii, 381, 1811, Gulf of Penshine ; Worofskaja 



River. 

 Salmo lievigatM, Pallas, Zoogr. KosBo.-Asiat., in, 385, 1811, Curile Islands. 

 Salmo nummifer, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xxi, 365, 1848, Kamchatka; on a 



drawing by Mertens. 

 Salmo erylhrorhijnchos, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xxi, 307, 1848, Kamchatka. 

 Salmo spectabilis, Giraud, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 185G, 218, Fort Dalles, Oregon; name 



preoccupied. 

 Bahiio^parkei, SucKLEY, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. T., 1861, 309, Kootenay River. (Coll. Gibbs.) 

 Salmo hinr,lii, SucKLEY, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 1861, 309, tributary of Flathead River, 



Montana. (Type, No. 2010. Coll. Kennerly.) 

 Salmo campbelU, Suckley', Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 1861, 313, Fort Dalles, Oregon; substi- 

 tute for spectabilUs; preoccupied. (Coll. Kennerly.) 

 SaJmo lordii, GCnther, Cat., vi, 148, 1866, Skagit River ; dwarf specimens. 

 Salmo hides. Cope, Proc. Amer. Pliil. Soc. Phila., 1873, 24, Captains Harbor, Unalaska. (Coll. 



Prof. Geo. Davidson.) 

 Salmo hairdii, Gijnthek, Cat., VI, 121, 1866. 

 Salmo parkii and camx>belU, Gunther, Cat., VI, 121, 149, 1866. 

 Salvelinm qiedabilis, Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1878, 79. 

 Saheliims bairdii, Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., I, 1878, 82. 

 Salwlinus malma, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 319, 1883; Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xi, 



1891, 60, pi. XXV, fig. 1. 



785. SALVELINUS ALPINUS (Linnreus). 

 (European Charr ; Salbling ; Saiblino ; Ombre Chevalier ; Greenland Charr.) 



Head ii; depth 5. D. 13 ; A. 12 ; scales 195 to 200. Vertebra) 59 to 62. 

 Cceca 36 to 48. Body elongate, compressed ; head moderate; maxillary 

 extending little beyond orbit ; hyoid teeth usually present, in a feeble 

 baud J teeth moderate. Grayish or greenish above, the lower parts red, 



