Jordan and Ei'erniann. — Fishes of North America. 521 



in incredible nnnibers. They are washed np on the beaches, and in about 

 30 days they are batched. " The beach then becomes a quivering mass of 

 eggs and sand," from which the little fishes are borne into the sea by the 

 waves. {viUosus, hairy.) 



Chipeavillosii, MOller, Prodr. Zoijl. Dan., 245, 1777, Greenland. 



Salmo arclirus, Fabiucius, Fauna GriJiilandica, 177, 17S0, Greenland. 



Sidiiw grnilaiidicii^^, Bi.orn, Ichtli., vni, pi. 99, 1794, Greenland. 



Salmo sncidlix, Pallas, Zoogr. Ross.-Asiat., ill, 389, 1811, Islands between Asia and 



America. 

 Omiierusmio-ndon, Cuvier & Valf.nciennks, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xxi, .'585, 18-18, no locality. 

 Malloius vlHomn, GfNTiiER, Cat., vi, 170, 1800; JoRnAN & Gilbert, S.vnoiisis, 201, 1883; Turner, 



Contr. Nat. Hi.'^t. Alaska, 102, pi. 10, 1886. 



240. THALEICHTHYS, Girard. 



(EULACHON.) 

 TlialeichOqis, GinjLRV, Pac. R. R. Surv., x. Fishes, 325, 1858, {slevensi^ pacificus). 



This genus is intermediate between ilf«7?o<Ms and Osmerits, differing from 

 the latter in its rudimentary dentition, and in its small adherent scales. 

 All the teeth are very feeble, slender, and deciduous, although occasion- 

 ally present on all the bones of the mouth ; no permanent teeth on the 

 tongue. Scales are much smaller than in Osmerus, aud more closely 

 adherent ; larger than in Mallotns, aud similar in the two sexes. Color- 

 ation dusky. Small fishes of the North Pacific, somewhat anadromous, 

 remarkable for their extreme oiliness, the oil being of a very delicate 

 flavor. When dried they have been used as candles. (i?«Af<«, rich ; ixSv£, 

 fish.^ 



790. THALEICHTHYS PACIFICUS (Richardson). 

 (Eulaciion ; Candlefish ; Oolachan.) 



Head 4|; depth 6. B. 8 ; D. 11; A. 21; P. 11; scales 75; pyloric 

 cu'ca 11 ; vertebra 70. Body rather elongate, slender, and less compressed 

 than in Osmerus. Head long, blunter than in Hypomesun prtUosus, less 

 compressed, broader, and more convex above. Mouth large, the max- 

 illary rather narrow and long, reaching beyond the middle of the rather 

 small eye; lower jaw projecting. Opercle with strong concentric strije. 

 Gill rakers numerous, rather long and slender. Ventrals large, inserted 

 just in front of dorsal. Pseudobranchiie small. Color white, scarcely 

 silvery; upper regions rendered dark iron-gray by the accumulation of 

 dark puuctulations. Length 12 inches. Oregon to Alaska, ascending the 

 rivers from Fraser River northward, in enormous numbers in the spring. 

 An excellent pan-fish, unsurpassed by any fish whatsoever in delicacy of 

 flesh, which is far superior to that of the trout. The flesh is very oily, 

 but the oil has a very attractive flavor. It is sometimes extracted and 

 used as a substitute for cod-liver oil. It is, however, solid and lard-like 

 at ordinary temperatures. 



Snlmo {Jhillolits) iiacificiis, Richarhsdn, Fauna Ror.-Aiiior., Ill, 226, 183C, Columbia River. 

 ThaU'icJdhiis slevensi, Girard, Pac. R. R. Surv., x, 3-25, pi. 75, figs. 1-4, 18.'>8, Puget Sound. 



(Coll. Dr. Suckley.) 

 Thaleichthjs pacificus, Gunther, Cat., vi, 108, 1800; Jordan &. Gilbert, Synopsis, 292, 1883. 



