Jordan and E,vcrinann. — Fishes of N^orth America. 579 



of luminous spots. Head conical ; cleft of mouth very wide, oblique, 

 extending behind eye, the lower jaw strongly projecting ; maxillary long 

 and slender, sickle-shaped, closely connected with the short premaxil- 

 lary ; upper jaw with a single series of rather large, sharp, close-set teeth, 

 about every fourth one more or less longer than the rest, and directed 

 slightlj' outward ; lower jaw with similar teeth, subequal, directed for- 

 ward, with a few canines in front; no teeth on vomer. Eye small. Gill 

 openings very wide, the membranes free from the isthmus. Gill rakers 

 numerous, long, and slender. Pseudobranchise none; branchiostegals 

 about 9. No air bladder. Dorsal and anal well developed, inserted 

 opposite each other, the anal the longer ; adipose fin small ; caudal 

 forked, its peduncle long and slender. Deep-sea fishes of small size, 

 (j-wv/a, angle ; aro^a, mouth.) 



a. Anal rays about 30. denudatum, 870. 



aa. Anal rays about 20. bbevidens, 871. 



870. GOXOSTOMA DENUDATUM, Rafinesque. 



Head 4 ; depth 5*. D. 14 or 15 ; A. 30 or 31 ; P. 11 or 12 ; V. 8 ; scales 

 36. Jaws heterodont, the intermaxillary being armed with 2, the 

 maxillary with about 12 large, distinct teeth, the spaces between them 

 being filled with very small teeth ; lower jaw similarly armed with 10 or 

 11 large teeth. Entire cheek covered by the enormously enlarged infra- 

 orbital. (Giinther.) 



This species is common in the Mediterranean and the neighboring parts 

 of the Atlantic, especially oft" Madeira. In 1881, it was trawled by the 

 Fish Hawk oft' the New England Coast. It was also obtained by the Alha- 

 fross, at station 2665, in 263 fathoms, and by the French expedition, in 

 590 fathoms, off" the coast of Morocco, and olf the Cape Verdes, in 230-290 

 fathoms. (Goode & Bean.) {doiudatus, made naked.) (Eu.) 



Gimostuma detmdata, Kafinesqie, Inilice Ittiol. Sicil., 65, 1810, Palermo; Goude Sc Bean, Oceanic 



Ichthyology, 38, fig. 110, 1895. 

 GasteropelecHS (Kaiithurus, Cocco, Giorn. Sc. Lit., No. 77, 1829, Italy. 

 Gonostomiis acauthurus, Cocco, Lett. su. Salmon., 1838. 



871. fiONOSTOMA BBEVIDENS, Kner & Steindacbuer. 



Head 4 ; depth 6. D. 13 or 14 ; A. 18 or 19 ; V. 7. Body elongate, com 

 pressed. Eye equal to snout, and about ^^ leng.th of head; interorbital 

 space about f diameter of eye. Mouth opening large, oblique, lower jaw 

 projecting; upper jaw reaching back to the angle of the preoperculum, 

 and convex on its lower edge. Intermaxillary, maxillary, and mandible 

 provided.with a single row of sharp teeth, unequal in size ; tongue tooth- 

 less ; two stronger teeth near the symphysis of the lower jaw ; on the 

 palatines, and possibly upon the pterygoids, a few small, sharp-pointed 

 teeth. Gill opening very wide ; 12 short branchiostegals, a luminous dot 

 at the base of each of the 8 anterior ones ; no pseudobranchia^ ; gill 

 laminte large. Probably the lower pharyngeal Isoues covered with teeth 

 similar to those in the jaws but in several rows. The dorsal has its 

 origin nearly midway between the ventral and the anal, and is composed 

 of 13 or 14 rays; adipose fin thread-like; ventral in front of the 



