Jordan and Kvermann. — Fishes of North America. 839 



eyes small; a pair of very long, pointed teeth in front of upper jaw, clos- 

 ing in front of lower ; a similar pair of still longer pointed teeth in the 

 lower, received in foveas of the palate; on the sides of each jaw two 

 long teeth terminating in bulbous tips ; a row of minute teeth on the 

 posterior half of the supramaxillaries ; palate toothless. One species. 

 (sat'/lof, stem; AcTr/f, scale.) 



1219. CAULOLEPIS LONGIDENS, Gill. 



D. II, 17; A. II, 8; C. x-19-x; P. I, 14; V. I, 7. Head 2.| ; depth of 

 body i its length inclusive of caudal; upper jaw from symphysis to end 

 of maxillary contained 3^ times in total length. Orbit 4 times in length 

 of head. Front teeth of upper jaw considerably longer than eye ; those 

 of the lower nearly twice as long. Scales very peculiar, foliaceous and 

 pedunculate. Color uniform black. One specimen from Gulf Stream. 

 (Goode & Bean.) (/oHj/i(.s', long; f?eHs, tooth.) 



Caidolepis longidens, GiLL, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.^ 1883, 258, Atlantic Ocean, latitude 39° 27', 

 longitude 6g° 56' 20'', in 1,346 fathoms. (Type, No. 33270. Coll. Albatross); Goode & 

 De.^.n, Occauic Ichthyology, li:5, fig. 204, 1895. 



377. ANOPLOGASTER, Giinther. 



Aiwplogaster, GuNTHEK, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mue., i, 12, 1859, {cormdtut). 



Body compressed, deep, with the scales reduced to minute asperities. 

 Head large, with thin bones and wide muciferous cavities. Cleft of 

 mouth wide and oblique; chin prominent. Muzzle short, rounded, not 

 protruding. Teeth in villiform bands in the jaws, with several larger 

 teeth in the lower jaw ; palatine toothless. Eye large. Preoperculum 

 entire. Suprascapula and angle of preoperculum armed with a spine. 

 Dorsal without spines and with about 17 rays. Anal with 9 or iO rays. 

 Ventral with 1 spine and 6 rays. Air bladder small, pyfiform. Branchioa- 

 tegals 8. Gill openings very wide. (avoTrTio^, unarmed; yuari/p, belly.) 



numerous strise and ridges and with three more diverging ridges extended backward or down- 

 ward into spiniform angles, one horizontal and the others oblique, leaving omarginated inter- 

 spaces between ; the interopercula and subopercula small, the latter with several striaj pointed 

 backward. 



Eye moderately developed, near the anterior profile. Upper jaw not protractile, with the 

 premaxillaries extend* d far backward and the supramaxillarics lying behind and above, and 

 with wide oval extremities furnished with radiating ridges or stria>. 



Lower jaw quite deep, with au upper and lower portion longitudinally striated and an inter- 

 mediate region provided with a naked skin, and with its angle emitting a spine backward ; 

 chin flattened backward to a median inferior point ; teeth enlarged and few, in a single row in 

 eiich jaw. (1) In the upper a pair slightly curved and regularly pointed, dosing in front of 

 lower jaw, and on each side two at intervals, behind much smaller and witli swollen blunt tips. 

 (2) In the lower jaw a pair near the symphysis more separated than those of the uiiper and 

 fitting into fovete of the palate on each side; two smaller teeth nearly straight and with glob- 

 ular ]]oints, the first intermediate between the first and second of the upper, and the second 

 behind the second lateral tooth of the upper jaw ; palate and tongue eilentiilous. (3) A row of 

 very small teeth around the posterior half of the supramaxillary. 



Dorsal single, commencing above the upper axil of the pectoral, with 2 spines and 17 bifur- 

 cate rays, the last of which is double ; anal short, mostly behind the dorsal, with 2 spines, the 

 first very short, and 8 bifurcate rays, the last double ; caudal deeply emarginated, but with 

 rounded lobes; pectorals oblii|ueIy inserted, of moderate size, witli I simple and about 14 

 branched rays ; ventral fins subabduminal or decid^-dly behind tlio pectorals, with 1 spine and 

 6 branched rays. Branchial apertures deeply cleft ; branchiostegal rays 8. 



