920 Bulletin 4J, United States National Museum. 



reaching past the front of the anal ; caudal equally forked. Straight 

 part of lateral line 2* in body, scarcely as long as curved part ; plates of 

 lateral line small. In life, bluish silvery, everywhere strongly washed 

 with golden, the young with golden spots. Fins all pale yellow; no 

 black on oi)ercle or lower lobe of caudal. West Indies, occasionally 

 northward to Florida and North Carolina; common in Cuba. (Named 

 for the Island of San Cartolom^.) 



Caraiix liartholomiei, CuviEU & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 100, 1833, St. Bartholo- 

 mew; Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 436, 1833. 



Caranxcihi, Poey, Meniorias, n, 224, 1860, Cuba. 



Caranx heani, Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880, 480, Beaufort, North Carolina. (Tyjie, 

 No. 27372. Coll. Gilbert.) 



Carmigoides cibi, Poey, Synopsis, 366, 1867. 



Subgenus TRICROPTERUS, Eafinesquo. 



1313. CARANX HIPPOS (Linna-us). 



(CREVALLfi ; ToRO ; Horse Crevallk ; Cayallv ; Jack ; JifHTAGUA.) 



Head 3A ; depth 21 ; lateral line (scutes) about 30. D. VIII-I, 20 ; A. II-I, 

 17. Body oblong, the anterior proiile very strongly arched. Head large 

 and deep. Mouthlarge, low ; lower jaw prominent ; maxillary extending 

 to nearly opposite posterior border of eye, 2^ in head. Teeth in upper 

 jaw in a broad villiform band ; an outer series of large, wide-set, conical 

 teeth ; teeth of lower jaw in one row, a distinct canine on each side of 

 symphysis; villiform teeth on vomer, palatines, pterygoids, and tongue. 

 Lateral line with a wide arch, its length li in straight part, the angle 

 under fifth dorsal ray ; plates not covering all of straight part. Dorsal 

 spines short, rather stout ; gill rakers stout, rather long, 15 below angle. 

 Occipital keel sharp. Eye not very large. Pectoral falcate, g longer than 

 head. Breast naked, with only a small triangular patch of scales in 

 front of ventrals. Caudal lobes equal, nearly as long as head. Oliva- 

 ceous above ; sides and below golden ; a large distinct black blotch on 

 opercle, bordered behind with pale ; a large faint black spot on lower 

 rays of iiectorals, the latter sometimes wanting in young ; axil of pecto- 

 ral Avith a black blotch ; edge of soft dorsal black ; upper edge of caudal 

 peduncle dtisky. Warm seas, generallj^ abundant; found on both coasts 

 of tropical America, north to Cape Cod and Gulf of California, also in 

 the East Indies; a large and well-known food-fish. More abundant 

 northward on our coast than any other species of the genus except 

 Caranx ci-ysos. Easily distinguished by its canines, its naked breast, and 

 the color markings, {'inno^, horse.) 



Scomber hippos, LiNN«us, Syst. Nat., Ed. xii, 494, 170(1, Charleston, South Carolina. 

 Scomber caratif/us, Bloch, Icbthyol., pi. 340, 1793, Antilles. • 

 Caranx erylhrurue, Lacepeue, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 68, 1802, South Carolina; based on Scmiiber 



hippos, LiNN^us. 

 Caranx daubcntonii, LacIipede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 72, ls()2, Martinique; on a chawiiis by 



Plvmiek. 

 Caranx carangua, LACfiPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 59, 74, 1802, Martinique; on a drawing by 



Plumier; Cuvier ik Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 91, 1»33, liiNTiiER, Cat., ii, 418, 



1860, aud of authors. 



