Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North America. 1015 



Knlilia arge, Juuii.vN &B0LLMAN, ProQ^ U. S. Nat. Mus., 1889, 159, Chatham Island, Galapagos 

 Archipelago; (Type, No. 411G9. Coll. Albatross); Jordan & Kiuenmasn, J. c, 419, 1890. 



Ul-2. KUHLIA XEXURA (Joraau A GilbtTt). 



Head 3J ; depth 2f ; eye very large, 2? in head. D. IX-1, 11 ; A. Ill, 11 ; 

 scales 7-51-12. Maxillary barely reaching front of pupil ; gill rakers long 

 and slender, 9-|-24; pectorals 2^ in head; veutrals scarcely reaching 

 vent ; longest dorsal spine 1+ in head. Body deep and compressed. Color 

 olivaceous above, silvery below ; caudal fin plain. Tropical seas; prob- 

 ably west coast of Central America ; known from two specimens in the U. S. 

 National Museum, bearing the label "San Salvador. J. M. Dow." But 

 it is possible that they were brought by Dr. Stimpson from China, and 

 Ktihlia xenura may not be an American fish at all. {^ivoc, strange; ovpu, 

 tail ; the tail being more deeply forked than in Xenichthys.) 



Xenichthys xenurus, Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 454, supposed to come 



from San Salvador. (Type, No. 4356.) 

 KuMia xenura, Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. Nat. Mus., 1882, 370 (locality questioui-J); Jordan 



& ElGESMANN, I. c, 419, 1890. 



Family CXLIII. PERCIDiE. 



(The Perches.) 



Body more or less elongate, terete or compressed, covered more or less 

 completely with rather small, ctenoid, adherent scales. Dorsal and ven- 

 tral outlines more or less unlike. Lateral line usually present, not extend- 

 ing on the caudal fin. Mouth terminal or inferior, small or large, the 

 premaxillaries protractile or not; maxillaries large or small, without 

 distinct supplemental bone. Jaws, vomer, and palatines with bands of 

 teeth, which are usually villiform, but sometimes mixed with canines; 

 occasionally the teeth on the vomer or palatines are absent. Head naked, 

 or more or less scaly ; preopercle entire or serrate ; opercles usually 

 ending in a flat spine. Branchiostegals 6 or 7. Gills 4, a slit behind the 

 fourth; gill membranes free or connected, not joined to the isthmus; 

 gill rakers slender, toothed ; pseudobranchia? small, or glandular and 

 concealed, or altogether wanting ; lower pharyngeals separate, with 

 sharp teeth. Anal papilla usually more or less developed. Fins generally 

 large; 2 dorsals, the first of 6 to 15 spines; anal fin with 1 or 2 spines, the 

 usual number 2. Ventrals thoracic, I, 5 ; pectorals often very large ; 

 caudal lunate, truncate, or rounded. Air bladder small and adherent, 

 often entirely wanting. Pyloric cceca few. No subocular lamina of the 

 suborbitals ; entopterygoid present. Anterior vertebra^ without trans- 

 verse processes ; only the first pterygial or actinost usually in contact 

 with the coracoid ; sometimes a part of the second also. The po.sterior 

 processes of the premaxillaries are short; the supraoccipital and parietal 

 bones are short and confined to the back of the skull; parietal crests 

 are absent, and the supraoccipital crest is very short, not extending 

 to the anterior extremity of the bone, or even absent. Vertebra' 30 

 to 48, always more than 10, 13 to 25 iu the precaudal portion. Genera 



