1008 Bulletin ^7, United States National Museum. 



ToRRENTARiA {lorrew^, a swift stream): 

 o. Anal spine single as far as known; liead naked or very nearly so; a black humeral 

 process or scale; snout sharp, the niouth large. 

 ;). Scales 68; body and head very long and slender. A. I, 10; gill membranes separate. 



SAOITTA, 1469. 

 jij). Scales 68 to 66; body rather deep, the head slender. A.I, 7 or 8; gill mcmbrani'S 

 moderately connected; body with sharp cross bauds. .\ustrale, 1470. 



DO. Anal spines normally 2. 



(/. Gill membranes scarcely connected; lower jaw moderate, not projecting. 

 NivicOLA (»;.»', niveusj snow; colo, to inhabit): 

 r. Fins very small, the dorsal rays VIII-9; cheeks and opercles scaly; scales 53. 



BOREALE, 1471. 

 rr. Fins not very small. Dorsa! spines 9 to 13; the soft rays 10 to 14. 



Kafinesqtjielltjs *: 



.«. Dorsal fins more or less connected; last dorsal spine not longer than next 

 the last; a dark humeral scale; coloration mottled; form very robust, 

 the depth about 4 in length ; scales 44 to 50. pottsii, 1472. 



Oligocephalus (oAiyos, few, small; K€if>a\ri, head): 

 ss. Dorsal fins well separated, the last dorsal spine short; form comparatively 

 slender. 

 I. Humeral region without diiferentiated black scale-like process; some- 

 times with a faint dark spot. 

 H. Scales between spinous dorsal and lateral line 4 to 7. 

 V. Head not entirely naked. 



w. Cheeks and opercles more or less closely scaled. 



X. Scales small, about 60; soft dorsal with 10 or 11 rays; 

 body slender. iowje, 1473. 



XX. Scales moderate, 41 to 55; soft dorsal rays 12 or 13. 

 y. Lateral line almost or quite complete; sides in 

 male with bluish bars or blotches. 



.TESsiJf;, 1474. 

 y>l. Lateral line with 30 to 35 tubes only; sides with 

 alternate yellow and dark cross bars. 



LUTEOVINOTUM, 1475. 



tme. Cheeks scaly; opercles naked; scales 54 to 61. D. X-12; 



sides with faint dark cross bars, lepidogenys, 1476. 



www. Cheeks naked or n .arly so; opercles more or less scaly; 



scales rather large, about 48; males with alternate 



oblique bars of red and blue; fins ornate. 



C^RULEUM, 1477. 

 vv. Head entirely naked; scales about 48; form and coloration of 

 Eiheosloma cifritleum. lepidum, 1478. 



tl. Humeral region with a distinct black process or scale. 



z. Cheeksmostly naked, opercles scaly; scales about 50; body banded; 

 fins rather large. D. XII-12. tippecanoe, 1479. 



zz. Cheeks and opercles naked, or very nearly so. 



a'. Scales very small, 63 to 80; body everywhere much dotted 

 with black. punctulatum, 1480. 



'(«'. Scales moderate, less than 62 in number. 



/.'. Scales of sides not marked, each with a dark spot, these 



forming continuous stripes. 



c'. Scales 46 to 55; snout much shorter than eye, which 



is Z% in head. CRAGiNt,148l. 



cc'. Scales 45 to 50, snout as long as eye, which is 5 in 



head. obetense, 1482. 



* Named for Constantino Samuel Raflnesque, who first recognized the existence of darters in 

 the streams about the falls of the Ohio (Louisville, Kentucky). 



