Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North America. 1225 



without supplemental bone, broad, reaching vertical from middle of 

 pupil, 2\ to 2i in length. Teeth in upper jaw in a narrow villiform band, 

 the outer series slightly enlarged, and with 1 or 2 strong canines directed 

 forward and outward. Teeth in mandible small, in a single series, a pair 

 of anterior canines directed forward and outward, and a second pair on 

 sides of jaw directed backward and inward. Teeth in rather broad bands 

 on vomer and palatines; none on tongue. Interorbital space gently con- 

 cave, the supraocular ridge slightly elevated, its width but little more 

 than half diameter of orbit. Preorbital narrow, its widtli above middle 

 of maxillary \ pupil. Vertical limb of preopercle usually with a slight 

 emargination above the angle (in adults), the angle itself and a region 

 above the emargination slightly projecting. Teeth of vertical limb fine, 

 equal ; those of angle coarser, those below again fine, directed backward ; 

 notch above angle usually smooth when present. Two flat spines on 

 opercle; other bones of head entire. Gill rakers long, slender, close-set, 

 about 30 on anterior limb of arch, the longest \ orbit. Dor.sal emarginate ; 

 the spines slender, pungent, not flexible, none of them produced or fila- 

 mentous, each with a short membranous flap behind its tip ; spines 

 gradually increasing in height to the sixth, which is contained 3^ times 

 in head; the tenth is shorter than any other except the first and second, 

 and is f the sixth ; soft dorsal high, some of the posterior rays highest, 

 not reaching base of caudal, 2 to 2\ in head ; anal similar to soft dorsal, 

 its posterior rays in advance of end of dorsal ; second anal spine stronger 

 but shorter than third, the length of which is 31 in head ; ventrals inserted 

 slightly in advance of base of pectorals, the outer rays somewhat i^ro- 

 duced, reaching beyond vent and usually to or slightly beyond front of 

 anal ; caudal forked, the middle rays f the length of the outer, which are 

 not produced. Pectorals short, reaching slightly beyond front of anal. 

 Scales large, ctenoid, on both head and body; on top of head the scales 

 cover occiput and send a V-shaped patch to above middle of orbits; the 

 rest of interorbital space, the snout, maxillary, preopercle, branchiostegal 

 membranes, and anterior half of mandibles naked. Scales on cheeks in 6 

 rows ; those on opercles larger ; all but the central rays of candal fin well 

 scaled ; dorsals and anal n.aked ; pectoral and ventrals scaly on basal por- 

 tion ; lateral line running very high, under end of spinous dorsal sepa- 

 rated from dorsal outline by less than 3 fnll series of scales ; under end of 

 soft dorsal it regains somewhat abruptly middle of side and runs straight 

 thence to base of tail. Color rosy red, overlying silvery on sides, and 

 below the fins light yellow ; a dusky spot above the middle of each orbit, 

 and 2 V-shaped olive-brown marks behind the head, one from nape down- 

 ward and backward on each side to upper angle of gill openings, the sec- 

 ond parallel with it, starting from origin of dorsal ; lining of buccal and 

 gill cavities, and peritoneum silvery white. (Gilbert.) Pacific Coast of 

 tropical America ; known from several examples, the largest 7 inches long, 

 dredged by the Albatross^ at Station 29it6, olf the west coast of Mexico, in 

 112 fathoms, (t'wf, sunrise, from the coloration.) 



ProHOtngraiinnus eos, Gilbeut, Proc. I'. S. Xat. Mus., 1890, 02, Albatross Station 2996, west 

 coast of Mexico; Jordan & Eigen.mann, I. c, 413, 1890; Boulenoer, Cat., I, 324. 



