Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North A?nerica. 1227 



operclewith 2 or 3 spines; gill membranes separate; 7 branchiostegals ; 

 pseiulobranchi.-e present; gill rakers very long and slender; a single dor- 

 sal fin, with X, 12 to 18 rays, the spinous portion a little longer or a little 

 shorter than the soft ; anal short, III, 6 to 8 ; caudal emarginate ; pectoral 

 obtuse-pointed, snbsymraetrical rays 17 or 18; ventrals long, below pec- 

 torals, close together, each with a strong spine; posterior processes of 

 premaxillaries extending to between the frontals, which embrace a deep 

 fossa in front; frontals very convex, with a transverse ridge behind, 

 between the posterior borders of the orbits and in front of the very strong 

 supraoccipital crest ; parietal crests feeble ; vertebrae 10 -\- 15 or 16 = 25 

 or 26. Tropical seas; the typical species (Jrithias anihim, L.) a well- 

 known inhabitant of the Mediterranean, {avfttar, Anthian, ancient name 

 of some large fish, perhaps the Albacore, apparently from uvdoc, a flower.) 



1613. AXTHIAS ASPERILINGUIS, Gunther. 



Head 3; depth 2^. D. X, 15; A. Ill, 7; scales 2 to 4, 40-16, pores 37. 

 A few teeth in the middle of the tongue. Snout scaly, half as long as 

 eye, with straight profile; diameter of eye 2| times in length of head, 1^ 

 interorbital width ; lower jaw projecting, partly scaly ; maxillary scaly, 

 extending to below center of eye, the width of its distal extremity * diam- 

 eter of eye ; serriB at angle of preoperciilum enlarged, but feeble ; 3 oper- 

 cular spines; 28 gill rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal origi- 

 nating above opercular cleft ; first and second spines shortest; rest sub- 

 equal and much shorter than the soft rays ; no notch between spinous and 

 soft portions; pectoral as long as head; ventral much produced, the 

 longest ray filamentous and nearly reaching caudal ; anal spines strong, 

 first short, second slightly shorter than third and as long as longest dor- 

 sal spines; soft portion rounded, third and fourth rays longest; caudal 

 cresceutic, with the outer rays much produced and ending in filaments. 

 Lateral line forming an angle below last dorsal rays. Red, with golden 

 stripes along the series of scales. Total length 165 millimeters. Atlantic 

 Coast of South America. (Boulenger.) Only the type known, {asper, 

 rough; lingua, tongue.) 



Anthias aspeiiltngiiis, Gunther, Cat., I, 89, 1859, South America, probably Guiana, (Coll. Sir 



Eobert Schomburgk); Boulenger, Cat., i, 326. 

 Odontanlhias asperilingvis, Jordan & Eigenmann, /. c, 416. 



517. OCYANTHIAS, Jordan & Evermann. 



Ocyanthias, Jordan & Evermann, new genus, {marlinicemis). 



This genus is close to Anthias, from which it differs mainly in the pres- 

 ence of large j^atches of teeth on the eutopterygoids and tongue. Soft 

 dorsal nearly naked. Posterior processes of premaxillaries not reaching 

 frontals, which are very convex behind ; parietal and supraoccipital bones 

 extending to between orbits ; supraoccipital crest strong, not produced on 

 the frontals. Vertebrai 10 -{-16== 26. From Holanthias, Giinther, with 



