1238 Bulletin 4y, United States National Museum. 



Caudal slightly lunate, the upper lobe the longer ; ventrals moderate, not 

 extending beyond second anal spine, about as long as head ; pectorals 2 

 in head ; third anal spine as long as sixth dorsal ; scales smaller near the 

 back. Base of skull pierced with a large foramen between the great 

 wing and the base of the superior sphenoid. (Poey.) Silvery red ; anal, 

 soft dorsal, and caudal edged with black ; no spots on dorsal; posterior 

 half of ventral black. Tropical Atlantic, south to Brazil, occasionally 

 northward in the Gulf Stream to Newport and Woods Hole; recorded 

 also from Madeira, (arenatus, sanded.) 



Oilahifa, Parra, Dif. Piezas Hist. Nat, pi. 20, 1787, Havana. 



PnacanlliHs arenatus, CuviER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 97, 1829, Brazil, (Coll. 



Delalande.) Atlantic, (Coll. Peron); Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 971; Boulenger, Cat., i, 356. 

 Priacatilhus fulgens, Lowe, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., ii, 18.39, 174, Madeira. (Coll. R. T. Lowe.) 

 Priacanthns catalufa, Poey, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 182, Havana; Morrison, Proc. Ac. 



Nat. Sci. Phila., 1889, IGl. 

 Priacanlhus macrophlhahiiuK, CuviER & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 97, 1829; not Anthias 



macrophlhalmus, Bloch, which is an Asiatic species, PriacaiiOin^ hamrtir (Forsk^l); Giinther, 



Cat., I, 215; Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 544. 



1625. PBIACANTHUS CBUENTATUS (Lacepede). 



(Bio Eye; Catalufa.) 



Head 3 to 3i ; depth 2i to 2f . D. X, 12 or X, 13 ; A. HI, 14 ; scales 10-100 

 to 120-50, pores 62 to 76 ; eye 2i to 2^ in head ; snout U to 2 in eye. 

 Body deep; interorbital width 3J to 3i in head; mouth large, oblique, 

 maxillary reaching nearly to middle of eye, 2 in head. Gill rakers 16 to 18 

 below angle. Dorsal and anal spines all finely serrate in front ; preopercle 

 with a rather strong, flat, triangular spine ; opercularspine very small ; last 

 dorsal spine 1^ times length of second, If to 2 in head; pectorals small, 

 little longer than eye, 1| to 2 iu head ; third anal spine nearly as long as 

 last of dorsal; caudal slightly notched; roof of mouth with longitudinal 

 ridges ; upper limb of preopercle almost vertical ; skull without sphenoid 

 foramen below. Rose color, the back brownish, the dark color of back 

 sometimes forming rounded blotches; dorsal and caudal fins with small 

 dark spots. West Indies to St. Helena and the Canaries ; a common food- 

 fish in Havana ; not yet recorded from the United States. Also abundant 

 throughout the western Pacific, if Priacanthns caroUnus* is the same, as 

 supposed by Dr. Boulenger. {cruentatus, bloody.) 



Lahnts cruenlalns, Lac£pede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Iii, 522, 1800 (from a copy by Aubriet of a plate 



made by Plumier at Martinique), Martinique; CnviER & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 



Ill, 102, 1829. 

 Priacanthns cepedianns,f Desmarest, Preni. Dec. Ichthy., 9, pi. 1, 1823, Havana; Poey, 



Eepertorio, i, 273, 1866. 

 Priacanthns cruentatus, MORRISON, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1889, 162; Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. 



Mus., 1890, 317; Boulenger, Cat., i, 352. 



* Priacanthns carnlimis. Lesson, Voyage Coqnille, Poiss., 204, 1826, Caroline Islands; Priacan- 

 thtis schtegeli, Hilgendorf, Sitzgber. Ges. Natiirf. Fr., 1879, 79, Japan. 



f Poey regards P?iacaH(/i(is cn(e«<a(»s and Priacanthns cepedianus as different species, solely dis- 

 tinguished by the presence in cruentatus of roundish rosy spots. 



