NO. 3582 GENTS ENTOMACRODUS — SPRINGER 105 



Entomacrodiis) . Lip crenulae, vomerine teeth, and posterior canines 

 in the lower jaw are absent in the type material but are usually not 

 developed in larval stages of Entomacrodus. 



It is not possible to positively identify the types of Gvffordella 

 corneliae with the adults of any of the three species of Entomacrodus 

 known from the Marquesas. Inasmuch as the three adult forms of 

 Entomacrodus known from the Marquesas are all endemics {E. 

 macrospilus, E. randalli, and the adults included here as E. corneliae), 

 it seems that the types probably represent an endemic species also — 

 one of the three forms known from the Marquesas. 



E. macrospilus can be eliminated from consideration as the adult of 

 E. corneliae because of the higher anal ray count and lack of nuchal 

 cirri of E. macrospilus. It is more difficult to eliminate E. randalli as 

 the possible adult, but since the dorsal ray count of E. randalli is 

 slightly higher (15 or 16) than that of the E. corneliae types (13-15), 

 I have elected to apply the latter name to the adults of the third 

 species, which has similar dorsal ray coimts (14 or 15) to those of the 

 larvae. 



Relationships. — Entomacrodus corneliae is a member of the E. 

 nigricans species group. Of this group it is most closely related to 

 E. sealei, from which it differs only in having two dark vertical stripes 

 on the head behind the eye and in lacking pale stripes and dark bands 

 on the upper lip. The fact that the other two species of Entomacrodus 

 in the Marquesas are well differentiated from their nearest relatives 

 and that E. sealei is widely distributed and relatively consistent in 

 appearance enforces my decision not to consider E. corneliae and 

 E. sealei as conspecific. The Marquesas are high islands and of 

 probably more recent origin than the low Tuamotu islands, the nearest 

 island group to the Marquesas (E. sealei occurs in the Tuamotus). 

 It seems, therefore, that E. corneliae is a more recently evolved species 

 than E. sealei and quite possibly a derivative of the widely occurring 

 E. sealei. 



Entomacrodus corneliae (and E. sealei) is next most closely related 

 to E. chiostictiis (see "Relationships" imder E. chiostictus) and differs 

 from that species in color pattern and in having all specimens with 

 more pore pairs or groups of pores included in the preopercular series 

 (only 2.8 percent of E. chiostictus specimens overlap E. corneliae and 

 E. sealei in this character) . 



Remarks. — Entomacrodus corneliae (fig. 9) has been taken in the 

 same collection as E. randalli and E. macrospilus. Adults of E. 

 corneliae differ most obviously from the other two species in having 

 two dark vertical stripes on the head posterior to the eye and in the 

 disposition of the upper lip crenulae. 



Material.— USNM 91821 (holotype of Giffordella corneliae), 91822, 199991. 



