122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 122 



Relationships. — Entomacrodus textilw is a member of the E. 

 nigricans species group. Of this group the Atlantic species appear 

 to be most closely interrelated (see "Relationships" under E. nigricans) . 

 Entomacrodus textilis differs from its geographically closest relative, 

 E. cadenati, in having the stripes on the upper lip solid and in having a 

 well-developed subquadrate humeral blotch. Entomacrodus cadenati 

 frequently has as the most prominent markings on each side of the 

 body two rectangular humeral blotches (comprising the anterior pair 

 of body bands). The anterior of these blotches is much more prom- 

 inent than marks in a comparable position on E. textilis. The posterior 

 of these two blotches in E. cadenati is never as prominent (or large) 

 or uniformly dark as that in E. textilis. The peculiar dark markings 

 behind the eye in E. cadenati are not found in E. textilis. E. textilis 

 differs: from E. vomerinus, in having typically lower dorsal, anal, 

 vertebral, and gill-raker counts, and in having a humeral blotch; 

 from E. nigricans, in having a humeral blotch, in not having a prom- 

 inent spot just posterior to the eye, and in having the pores of the 

 lateral line terminating farther posteriorly; from E. chiostictus and 

 E. sealei, in having a humeral blotch, a proportionately shorter 

 supraorbital cirrus, and in almost never having any paired pores 

 included in the preopercular series; from E. chiostictus, in having fewer 

 lip stripes; and from E. sealei, in having a shorter nuchal cirrus and 

 third dorsal spine (in specimens over .39 mm SL), fewer predorsal 

 commissural pores at any particular size, and in having the dark upper 

 lip stripes narrower than the pale interspaces; and from E. corneliae, 

 in having a humeral blotch and lip stripes and in lacking two dark 

 stripes on the head behind the eye and pairs or multiples of pores in 

 the preopercular series. It can be differentiated from E. caudofas- 

 ciatus by the characters given in key couplet 10. 



Distribution (fig. 9).^ — E. textilis is endemic to Ascension and St. 

 Helena Islands. These two islands have a high proportion of endemics 

 among their fish fauna (24.3 percent — Cadenat and Marchal, 1963). 



Material.— Ascension Island: BMNH 1881.11.10.3, 1908.7.24.23-4, 1935.5. 

 2.25-30, MNHN A2025 (lectotypc of S. textilis), A2026, B2524; St. Helena Island: 

 BMNH 1946.5.23.10-12, 1960.3.1.45-60, 1964.2.3.1-7, 1964.2.3.8-28, USNM 

 42318. 



Entomacrodus cadenati Springer 



Plate 23 

 Entomacrodus cadenati Springer, 1966, Atlantide Rep., no. 9, pj). 59-01, pi. 6 [Goree- 

 Sencgal]. 



Description. — Segmented dorsal fin rays 14-16 (15 in 77 percent 

 of specimens); segmented anal fin rays 15-17 (16 in 63 percent of 

 specimens) ; posteriormost anal pterygiophore supporting 1 or 2 

 external elements (supporting 2 in 75 percent of specimens) ; total 



