36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 122 



24b. Predorsal commissural pores more than 3 in specimens 26-42 mm SL (except 

 33-80 percent of specimens of E. strialus, depending on SL class, table 32) ; 

 number of pores usually increases with increase in SL; anal rays 14-17 

 (less than 1 percent of specimens of E. slriatus with 18 rays); vertebrae 

 33-35 (rarely 35); head larger, 21.3-26.3 percent of SL in specimens 

 26-42 mm SL, decreasing in relative size with increase in SL (head lengths 

 rarely overlapping with E. rofeni in similar-sized specimens: see tables 

 35, 39, 42, 44, 66) 25 



25a. A distinct subovate to subquadrate, more or less uniformly dark spot on 

 body in humeral region dorsal to level of pectoral axil (this mark usually 

 much larger and darker than other body markings); no dark spot just 

 posterior to orbit caudofasciatus (Indian and Pacific Oceans) 



25b. No distinct, uniformly dark spot on body in humeral region dorsal to level 

 of pectoral axil (markings in this region, when present, are diffuse, 

 scarcely larger or darker than other body markings and correlated with 

 an elongate dark spot just posterior to orbit) 26 



26a. Color pattern on body usually consisting of clusters of dark spots, diameter 

 of individual spots usually smaller than half orbital diameter; predorsal 

 commissural pores usually fewer at any given size (compare table 52 

 with tables 41, 43) ; first florsal ray 8.5-13.5 percent SL, usually less than 

 12.0 percent; main or longest supraorbital cirrus frequently with more 

 than 2 lateral cirri branches; soft dorsal fin rays frequently 16 or 17, 

 rarely 14 striatus (Indian and Pacific Oceans) 



26b. Color pattern on body either absent or consisting of dark blotches, usually 

 paired, some of which equal or exceed orbital diameter; predorsal com- 

 missural pores usually more at any given size (compare tables 41 and 43 

 with table 32); first dorsal ray 11.7-16.8 percent SL, usually more than 

 13.0 percent; main or longest supraorbital cirrus usually without lateral 

 cirri branches, never more than 1; soft dorsal fin rays 13-15, never 16 

 or 17 27 



27a. Distinct dark spot present on head posterior to orbit at or above mid- 

 orbital level (pis. 15c, 17a); greatest width of spot usually more than 

 half orbital diameter; paired blotches on body sides always present, well 

 marked; dorsal lip crenulae 31-39; no dusky bands separated by pale 

 stripes on upper lip chapmani (Easter Island) 



27b. Distinct dark spot present or absent on head posterior to orbit at or above 

 midorbital level; when present, greatest width of spot usually less than 

 half orbital diameter (pis. 16c, 176) ; paired blotches on body sides usually 

 faint or absent; dorsal lip crenulae 19-35; dusky bands separated by pale 

 stripes present or absent on upper lip (not Easter Island) 28 



28a. Dorsal lip crenulations 26-35 (26 in only 3 of 107 specimens) ; dark spot, 

 usually elongate, just posterior to eye at or above midorbital level, 

 followed by an elongate pale area and then a diffuse dusky blotch lighter 

 than the spot (pis. 15c, 17a); markings on upper lip a diffuse sprinkling 

 of melanophores ; predorsal commissural pores 6-22 (usually more than 

 10) in specimens 5-35 mm SL; first soft dorsal ray 14.0-16.8 percent SL 

 in specimens 25-35 mm SL . . cymatobiotus (Pacific Ocean, not Hawaii) 



28b. Dorsal lip crenulations 19-26; no dark spot on head posterior to eye at or 

 above midorbital level; markings on upper lip consisting of 9 or 10 dusky 

 bands alternating with pale interspaces; predorsal commissural pores 

 5-11 (rarely more than 9) in specimens 25-35 mm SL; first soft dorsal ray 

 10.7-14.6 percent SL in specimens 25-35 mm SL. 



strasburgi (Hawaiian Islands) 



