10 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM 



of Lataste (1887). Since the species of Meriones and Gerbillus included 

 in this study resemble in their behavior the species cited previously, 

 no attempt is made here to include an exhaustive ethogram for them. 



The list below includes all behavioral terms utilized in the current 

 study. The list serves for all species although not every species in- 

 cludes all of the behavior patterns in its beha\'i()ral inventory. The 

 complete descriptions of these behavioral elements and their functional 

 organization are included in Eisenberg (1962a, 1963b), Eibl-Eibes- 

 feldt (1951, 1958), and Kirchshofer (1958). Both German and Eng- 

 lish equivalents are presented to avoid termmological confusion. 



The postures and movements listed here represent two types of 

 classification. Some of the terms apply to discrete muscular move- 

 ments consisting of an orientation movement, a stereotyped compo- 

 nent, or a fusion of both. Other terms are descriptive in that they 

 indicate a functional unit of motor patterns. Convenience has dic- 

 tated this mixed presentation. Please note that the functional units 

 described here may well be analogous units when two or more species 

 are compared. It is not intended that the equivalence of terms should 

 necessarily imply homologous motor units. 



Eisenberg Eibl-Eibesfeldt 



General Maintenance Behavior 



Sleeping and resting 

 Curled 

 Stretched 

 On ventrum 

 On back 

 Sitting 

 Locomotion 



On plane surface 

 Diagonal 



Quadrupedal saltation 

 Bipedal walk 

 Bipedal saltation 

 Jumping 

 Climbing 



Diagonal coordination 

 Fore and hind limb alternation 

 Swimming 

 Care of the body surface and comfor 

 movements 

 Washing 



Mouthing the fur 

 Licking 

 Nibble 

 Wiping with the forepaws 

 Nibbling the toenails 

 Scratching 

 Sneezing 



Schlafen und Rasten 

 Zusammengerollt 

 Ausgestreckt 



Bauchlage 



Riickenlage 

 Sitzen 

 Fortbewegung 

 An der Boden 



Kreuzgang; Laufen 



Hoppeln; Galopieren 



Bipedes Schreiten 



Bipedcs Springen 



Springen 

 Klettern 



Klettern im Kreuzgang 



Stammklettern 

 Schwimmen 

 Korperpflege 



Putzen 

 Fellpflege 

 Belecken 

 Beknabbern 

 Putzen mit den V'orderbeinen 

 Nagelputzen 

 Sich-Kratzen 

 Niesen 



