RODENT ETHOLOGY — EISENBERG 



13 



Eisenberg 



Eibl-Eibesfeldt 



Social Behavior — Continued 



Agonistic — Continued 

 Uush 

 Flight 

 Chase 

 Turn away 

 Move away 

 Bite 



Locked fighting (mutual) 

 Fight (single) 

 Defense (on back) 

 Side display 



Shouldering 



Sidling 



Runiping 

 Uprights 



Class I (upright threat) 



Class II 



Locked upright 

 Striking, warding 

 Sparring 

 Tail flagging 

 Kicking 

 Attack leap 

 Escape leap 

 Submission posture 

 Defeat posture 

 Tooth chatter 

 Drumming 



Pattering (with forepaws) 

 Tail rattle 

 Miscellaneous patterns seen in a social 

 context 

 Sandbathing 

 Digging and kick back 

 Marking 



Ventral rub 



Side rub 



Perineal drag 

 Pilo-erection 

 Trembling 



An griff 



Fliichten 



Verfolgen 



Abwenden 



Weggehen 



Kampfbeissen 



Kampfstellung 



Kampfstellung 



Abwehrstellung 



Breitseitsdrohen 



Schieben 



Driicken mit dcr Korperseite 



Schieben 

 Aufrichten 



Drohstellung 



Drohabwehr 



Pfotenschlagen 



Pfottentrommeln (Kampfvorspicl) 



Treten 



Anspringen 



Fliichtspringen 



Demutstellung 



Aufgebenstellung 



Zahnwetzen 



Trommeha 



Pfotentrommeln 



Schwanzzittern 



Sandbaden 



Scharren und Auswerfen 



Markieren 



Bachreiben 



Flaukenreiben 



Rutschen auf der Anal region 

 Fellstrauben 

 Zittern 



Behavior Patterns of the Solitary Animal 



LocoMOTiON.^ — ^When a series of genera or species are compared, 

 the presence or absence of a behavior pattern is often correlated with 

 a corresponding presence or absence of some morphological featm^e. 

 This is nowhere better illustrated than with bipedal locomotion. As 

 discussed by Howell (1932), Hatt (1932), and Ognev (1959), bipedal, 

 saltating locomotion occiu's when a set of morphological featm'es are 



