ART. 16. BIRDS FROM NORTH CELEBES RELEY. 9 



4. GALLUS GALLUS GALLUS (Linnaeus). 



One male, Kampa, February 12, 1915; one male, Tandjong Pen- 

 joe, February 27, 1915 ; two females, Parigi, September 12, 25, 1916 ; 

 one immature male and female, Laboea Sore, November 14, 26, 1916 ; 

 one downy young, Gimpoe, August 21, 1917; one immature male and 

 -one immature female, Pinedapa, January 22, 1918. 



The two adult males from Celebes have been compared with one 

 from east Sumatra and a fair series from the mainland, the Philip- 

 pines, and three from Java. There is a good deal of individual varia- 

 tion; hardly any two specimens are exactly alike. The mainland 

 and Philippine specimens, making allowances for variation, seem 

 to be essentially the same, and those from Celebes are too close to 

 those of the Philippines to warrant separation. The three Javan 

 males differ from any before me in having the occiput darker and 

 the neck hackles more truncate, giving to the lower border where 

 they rest upon the back a square appearance, quite different from 

 those of any other region. Robinson and Kloss ^^ have noticed this 

 •character in the Javan bird and have shown that Gallus hankiva 

 Temminck is the name to use for it, and it should stand in the future 

 us Gallus gallus hankiva. 



The name of the red jungle fowl has received a good deal of atten- 

 tion in recent years, of which only the more recent need be con- 

 sidered. Bangs and Penard ^^ tried to stabilize the nomenclature of 

 the races and reached the conclusion that the names should stand 

 as follows: 



{a) Gallus gallus hankiva Temminck, for the Sundanese bird. 



{h) Gallus gallus ferrugineus (Gmelin), for the eastern main- 

 land race. 



{c) Gallus gallus gallus (Linnaeus), for the western mainland 

 race. 



This is all very well, but Robinson and Kloss ^'^ have called atten- 

 tion to the fact that Linnaeus himself in the twelfth edition of 

 the Systema Naturae (p. 270), had already restricted the type 

 locality to Pulau Condor off the mouth of the Mekong, and this ap- 

 plies with equal force to the tenth edition of the Systema Naturae 

 (p. 158), where the same locality is given. In a later article Kloss ^^ 

 says : " Nevertheless we can not accept Phasiaiius gallus of the 

 Systema Naturae as the name of the Red Jungle Fowl for he had 

 used it previously in the Fauna Succica for domesticated European 

 birds and it can not be employed again for something else." In this 



^ Records Indian Mus.. vol. 19, 1920, p. 14. 



" Pioc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 7, 1919, pp. 23-25. 



" Records Indian Mus., vol. 19, 1920, p. 13. 



'"Idem, p. 182. 



