Pace Four 



EVOLUTION 



December, 1927 



Mousterian jaw and the Ehringsdorf jaw, there are five 

 main cusps on all three lower molars. 



Is it another coincidence that each of the three lower 

 molars of all the known anthropoid apes also bears five 

 main cusps? And is it also by chance that in all known 

 apes and many men these cusps are separated at their 

 bases by six main grooves, each of which obviously cor- 

 responds in position in apes and men? Thus if the 

 reader wears the sign of the cross on his second lower 

 molar, the chances are that his first lower molar is 

 impressed with the mark of the ape, and certain it is that 



the oldest known fossil human lower molars are the 

 ones that most closely approach the "Dryopithecus pat- 

 tern" of the primitive ape molar. 



We do not yet know the direct ancestors of man as 

 well as we know the direct ancestors of the horse, but 

 what little we do know of fossil men and fossil apes is 

 fully in accord with the vast mass of testimony already 

 gathered by the students of human and comparative 

 anatomy and physiology. Their verdict has long been 

 that man is a blood cousin to the ape. What scientific 

 evidence is there to the contrary? 



Bamboo 



■^0 BABY animal in America today is attracting more 



attention from men of science than fourteen-months- 



old Bamboo, the infant gorilla in the Philadel|ihi;i Zciu. 



He is the most human animal in- 



fant in captivity for his ways are 

 decidedly like those of a normal 

 baby of our own species. 



That should not be the least 

 surprising, for he is in fact a 

 blood cousin, very distantly re- 

 moved, but nevertheless from the 

 same ancestral stock as homo sa- 

 piens — modern civilized man. 

 Way, way back some four or five 

 million years ago, there lived an 

 old fellow and his wife whom 

 scientists now call Mr. and Mrs. 

 Dryopithecus. In all probability 

 Dryopithecus was the common an- 

 cestor of the modern man-like 

 apes and human beings. 



Probably his children crawled 

 and cried much like our own lit- 

 tle ones and much like baby Bam- 

 boo in the Philadelphia Zoo, for 

 those who have watched him say 

 his movements are astonishingly 

 childlike; and when he is put 

 down he cries to be taken up 

 again in just about the same tones 

 we have all heard voiced by ba- 

 bies in our own homes. 



But there are few human babies who have travelled 

 as far as Bamboo. One warm morning last spring 

 Bamboo's mother took her sprawling infant out for an 

 airing in the mountainous Cameroon district of German 

 East Africa. He was then a squat, black, awkward 

 little fellow who clung timorously to his mother's great 

 hands — as he still is. A native scuttling through the 

 jungle nearly bumped into Bamboo's mother and forth- 

 with she dropped her child and started to make life 

 lively for the native. The man drew a poisoned arrow 

 to save his life and sunk it deeply in her chest. He 

 scooped up Bamboo and took him to a missionary camp. 



Natives who crated Bamboo for his trip overseas knew 

 enough about baby gorillas to realize that he would 

 not eat unless he had a less sensitive companion, so 

 Lizzie, ten months old, but of a motherly nature, though 

 of Chimpanzee stock, was put in the cage with him to 

 keep him from dying of homesickness and loneliness, 

 and stimulate his appetite. 



When Bamboo arrived at Henry Bartel's animal place 



New York he proved so charming a host that 



iiiv of his callers could not be prevailed upon to leave 



for more than two hours. News- 



^B9BD£ paper men and photographers 

 '^^^^^Bt ^°<)'i succeeded in making him 

 J^^^^^l one of America's most distin- 

 ^ mj guished guests. 



ifBjg I' was then that the young gor- 



illa child became known as little 

 Bimbo — not Bamboo, as the dig- 

 nified Philadelphia Zoo later de- 

 cided to re-christen him. His com- 

 panion, Lizzie, also became well 

 known, but most of the charm 

 seemed to be with the gorilla per- 

 sonality. Professor Robert Mearns 

 Yerkes of Yale University wanted 

 to take Bimbo with him to Yale 

 for observation and study, but Mr. 

 Bartels wanted $5,000 for the 

 privilege. So finally Bimbo — or 

 rather Bamboo — went to the 

 Quaker City. 



It has proved very difficult to 

 raise gorilla children in the Unit- 

 ed States, but thus far Bamboo 

 peems to be doin'" nicely, thank 

 you. 



If Bamboo lives, we can expect 

 him to teach us a great many 

 extremely interesting things that a human child would 

 not teach. Human children have been closely observed 

 for quite some time, but gorilla children have furnished 

 very little laboratory material to psychologists and 

 biologists. Throughout the progress of his childhood he 

 will be closely watched by those most interested in the 

 genealogy of their race — and Bamboo's. 



RADIOACTIVITY IN THE HEART 

 "T^R. H. Zwaardemaker of the University of Utrecht, a 

 distinguished Dutch physiologist, has discovered that 

 the heart muscle removed from an animal can be kept 

 in motion by rays from radium and other radioactive 

 substances. A common element, potassium, is believed 

 to be slightly radioactive and is known to exist in the 

 blood and in the heart muscles. 



From this Dr. Zwaardemaker deduces that the living 

 heart is kept in motion partly by the radioactivity of 

 potassium in the body. 



