%'jI"'] I'liOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAI. MUSEUM. 579 



only, and at the tiiia- wlicii tlic-sr cuiitaiii r^y:s, so tliat the L'."» per cnit. 

 which escape the parassites are sullicient to a^aiii iiil'est the dee, from 

 the fact that each female scale coiitaiiis from seven hiMMlietl to one tlion- 

 ssmd eggs. From the slow growth of the scales, however, fail t.n 

 months elapse before they have developed siilliciently to be attacked 

 once more by the DitophiHjnstcr, which is not known to have any other 

 host insect. This reasoning; indicates oidy a i>rol)ability, and Mr. Craw 

 records no actnal observations ni)on matnre infested scales showing the 

 rate of growth of the chalcidid. (See liullelin 57, California Stale 

 Board of Horticulture, Sacramento, 18i)l.) 



Mr. I>. W. Coquillett, of Los Angeles, Cal., in a manuscript rep«)rt 

 submitted recently to Prof, lliley, states that he bred this species on 

 the I 1th and 27th of June from scales collected on the -'."ith of April, 

 and that on the 2LM of Sei>tember he found a full-grown larva undei- 

 an adult black s<;ale. lie has also cajjtured specimens of tlu^ parasite 

 on clanuary 17, July 2, August 'M, SeiJtember 21, and October 12. lie 

 argues from these facts that there are at least two and perha[)s e\ m 

 tiiree generations of this species annually. 



now THE LARVA TUA.NSl'oUMS. 



As a rule chalcidid larvie which are internal feeders on their hosts 

 transform internally into miked, more or less coarctate pup;e. 



With certain Encijrtina; for one of which Dr. Riley has proposed the 

 ex(H'llent descriptive name of the "inflating chalcislly," particularly ot 

 the genus Copidosoiiia, but also of liothriotliorax, Ilomalotyhts and per 

 haps others, the larva-, inhabiting the host insect in great numbers, 

 when about to pupate cause a marked inflation in the host larva by the 

 formation of oval cells around the parasite. This inflation and the 

 pupal cells which cause it are very noticeable in thin skiuneil host larv;e. 

 With a small larva like that of Lithocollctix the appearance of a dip- 

 terous i)uparia is produced. The nature of this cocoon-like cell and 

 the method by which it is prodiu'ed are uidvuown. Its structure shows 

 it not to be silk, nor yet the last larval skin of the parasitt*, ami 

 whether it is an adventitious tissue of the host larva or a secretion ot 

 the parasite, oris explicable upon other grounds, I can not say. It is a 

 point for some expert histologist to decitle with fresh material which is 

 m)t at hand at present. 



An example of one of the inflating parasites in a thick skinne<| host 

 larva is shown in a coccinellid larva infested with llinndlotijhis ohscur- 

 us m. The outlines of the ])arasitic cells aiv not so evident as in the 

 Lithocolletis, but the host lar\a is \-ery distorted and evideuLly <"n- 

 tains these cells. 



Species i)arasitic upon endophytous larva- and, therefore, fee<ling ex- 

 ternally, transform ti)j)upa- ch»se to iht- renniins of the host in the bur- 

 row or leaf mine, usu;\lly attached at the anal end by the pra-jiupMl ex- 

 crement, I have observed a curious variation in the case of Chrij (Kharin 



