NO. 2133. FISHEf< TAKEN BY "ALBATlW>^Sr 18SS—THOMrHON. 



461 



Color in alcohol silvery, underlaid by deep blue above, without 

 sharp division from lower part of body; a row of dark-blue spots 

 nearly as large as pupil extending from upper angle of gill cover 

 to center of caudal peduncle, or above anal, 10 or 12 in well-preserved 

 examples, first ones much darker and more striking; if second row 

 present in life, not evident as preserved. 



As compared with specimens of E. notacanthoides (Steindachner) 

 recorded by Abbott ^ from the Bay of Callao, Peru, the following 

 differences are evident, although the two species without doubt 

 are closely allied: Caudal peduncle deeper (3 J in head in E. notacan- 

 thoides) ; depth exceeds length of head by much more, due to shorter 

 head and greater depth (head equal to depth in E. notacanthoides); 

 position of lower edge of opercle (at its junction with subopercle) is 

 more vertical, the hne of edge pointing to posterior half of dorsal 

 in E. notacanthoides; the scales are much less plainly pectinate, the 

 giU rakers are but half as numerous, and the second row of spots on 

 the side is lacking. Although Abbott's examples are much larger 

 than our specimens of Clwpea notacanthus, it is not probable that any 

 of these are age differences. 



Clwpea notacanthoides Steindachner is very probably Alausa 

 maculata Cuvier and Valenciennes, if one may judge from Abbott's 

 specimens, and Clupea (Alosa) maculata of Stemdaclmer may well be 

 the present species, judging from Steindachner's description.^ 



4. ENGRAULIS RINGENS Jenyns. 



Numerous specimens from Lota, Chile, the longest 160 nun. in total 

 length. 



Compared with Engraulis mordax Girard from the California coast, 

 with which it has been at times identified, the head proves decidedly 

 shorter, the snout a trifle shorter, and the maxillary a good deal so, 

 extending beyond the carina of the preopercle in E. mordax, whereas 

 it barely reaches it in E. ringens. As compared with E. japonicus 

 (Schlegel) , the latter has a much lesser depth and shorter head. In the 

 following table the measurements are given in hundredths of the body 

 length to the caudal base. The first number in each case is the 

 average, those in parentheses give the range of variation. 



E. ringens . . 

 E. mordax . . 

 E. japonicus 



Number 

 of speci- 

 mens. 



Head. 



0.29(0.27-0.30) 

 .33( .32- .3!) 

 .26( .26- .27) 



Snout. 



0.05 (0.045-0.05 ) 

 .06 ( .0.55- .06 ) 

 .05( .05 - .055) 



Maxillary. 



0.19(0.18-0.20) 

 .23 ( .23- .24) 

 .18( .17- .20) 



1 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 333. 

 « Fauna Cliilensis, p. 330. 



