A P.IKD'S P.IOCIJAIMIV. 'J3 



tliaii ill central Illinois <»r at Washington, D. C, and a 

 week earlier than at Hostoii. In the fall these conditions 

 are reversed. 



^1 ////v/'w J]i<Kjr<ijJn/. — As a further f!:nide to your 

 ohscrvation a list of the principal details which enter into 

 a bird's life -history is appended : 



1. Dkscriptiox (of size, form, color, and markings). 



2. Haunts (upland, lowland, lakes, rivers, woods, fields, etc.). 



3. Movements (slow or active, hops, walks, creeps, swims, tail 



wagged, etc.). 



4. Appearance (alert, pensive, crest erect, tail drooped, etc.). 



5. Disposition (social, solitary, wary, unsuspicious, etc.). 



6. Flight (slow, rapid, direct, undulating, soaring, sailing, 



flapping, etc.). 



7. Song (i)leasing, unattractive, continuous, short, loud, 



low, sung from the ground, from a perch, in 

 the air, etc. ; season of song). 



8. Call-notes (of surprise, alarm, protest, warning, signaling, 



etc.). 



9. Season (spring, fall, summer, winter, with times of ar- 



rival and departure, and variations in num- 

 bers). 



10. Food (berries, insects, seeds, etc.; how secured). 



11. ]\Iatino (habits during courtship). 



12. Nesting (choice of site, material, construction, Qg^^-^, incu- 



bation), 

 i;]. The Young (food and care of, time in the nest, notes, actions 

 flight). 



From observations of this kind, consisting of a simple 

 statement of facts, you may philos()j)hize according to 

 your nature on the relation between habit and structure, 

 colors and haunts, and intelligent adaptation t(> new con- 

 ditions. J>eware, however, lest you be led to draw faulty 

 c<»nclusi(jns from insutHcient observation. Do not make 

 the individual stand for its species, or the species for its 

 family, jind rcmeinber that one is warranted in theorizing 

 onlv when the facts in the case are facts indeed. 



