No. 2194. NORTH AMERICAN PARASITIC COPEPODS— WILSON. 91 



LERNAEOLOPHUS SULTANUS (Nordmann). 



Plate 13, figs. 108-113. 



I'ennella sultana Nokdmann, Bull. Soc. Impfirlale des Naturalists de Moscou, 



1S64, vol. 37, p. 485, pi. 5, figs. 12-lG. 

 Pcnellus sultana Mii.ne Edwauds, Hlstoire Naturelle des Crustace.s, vol. 3, 



1840, p. 523. 

 Lemaeolophus sultanas Heli-eu, Relse der Novara, 1865, p. 251, pi. 25, fig. 



7. — Bkian, Copepodi parassiti dei pesci d'ltalia, 1906, p. 91. 



Host and record of specimens. — ^Two females were obtained from 

 the gill arches of the orange file fish, Alutera schoepfii, in Vineyard 

 Sound in 1874, and have received Cat. No. G186, U.S.N.M. Two 

 other females were found by the present author in the upper jaw on 

 the inside of the mouth of the garfish, Tylosurus marinus, at Woods 

 Hole, Massachusetts, in August, 1903, and have received Cat. No. 

 4781G, U.S.N.M. A single broken specimen was obtained from 

 Eaemulon plumieri by Dr. Edwin Linton at the Carnegie Institution, 

 Tortugas, Florida, in July, 1908, and has received Cat. No. 47817, 

 U.S.N.M. 



Specific characters of female. — Cephalothorax spherical, at right 

 angles to the neck axis, and covered with a hard chitin skin, divided 

 by a shallow median groove on the anterior and ventral surfaces into 

 two cushion-like halves or pads, each of which is prolonged on the 

 ventral surface into a series of three short, rounded, and often lobed 

 processes, which project from the pad-like fingers. These processes 

 are covered with a thin chitin skin and their lumen is in connection 

 with the cavity of the head. Posteriorly are given off a pair of 

 lateral horns and an unpaired dorsal one, all three cylindrical, com- 

 posed of hard chitin, and more or less branched. 



These horns are also hollow to their very tips and, like the proc- 

 esses their lumen opens into the cavity of the head. Behind the 

 horns the neck narrows a little, but remains comparatively wide and 

 of about uniform diameter down to the trunk; its walls are very 

 thick and hard. 



The head and neck show a torsion of from 135° to 180°, bringing 

 the ventral surface almost, if not quite, over the dorsal surface of the 

 trunk. The latter enlarges gradually from the base of the neck and 

 with the neck and abdomen is bent into a vertical sigmoid curve. 

 The concave bend on the back of the trunk is narrow and sharp and 

 is strengthened by a thick chitin ridge which runs across it, trans- 

 verse to the trunk axis, and flattens out and disappears on either 

 side. The convex ventral margin sweeps in a broad curve from the 

 base of the neck to the vulvae. The abdomen is on a level with the 

 dorsal surface, is fully two-thirds as long as the trunk, and is more 

 than half as wide and deep. Along either side of the abdomen and 



