No. 2194. NORTH AMERICAN PARASITIC COPEPODS— WILSON. 115 



oldest of the parasitic copepods. With reference to the host, Lin- 

 i.i!« us's specimens were taken from the sargassum fish, Pterophryne 

 hist no, that of DeKay was from a J'richodiodon {Diodon) pilosus; 

 Blainville's sagitta was from a species of LopMus in the Sea of 

 China, while his hrachiata was from a Diodon at Manila, Philippine 

 Islands; Nordmann's species was taken from Lophius mar7)ioratus, 

 but he identifies it with DeKay's specimen from Diodon. 



Tlie species thus becomes a parasite of the two genera, Lophius 

 and Diodon. 



PGNNELLA EXOCOETI (Holten). 



Lei-'twea ewocoeti Holten, Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet, vol, 5, 1802, 



p. 136, pi. 3, fig. 3. 

 Lenicopenna holtcni Desmabest, Crustaces, 1825, p. 347. 

 Lcrncopcnna hlainriUii LeSueub, Jouru. Acad. Nat. Scl. Pliila., vol. 3, 1824, 



p. 289, pi. 11, figs. 2 and 3. 

 PencUus blainviUii Milne Edwards, Hist. Nat. des CrustacCs, 1840, p. 



523. — Flower, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 26, 1858, p. 372. 

 Pennclla exocoeti Steenstetjp and Lijtken, Kong. Danske Videns. Selskabs 



Skrifter. vol. 5, 1861, p. 415, pi. 14, fig. 33. 

 Penella exocoeti Quidor, Deuxi^rae Expedition Antarctique, Charcot, 1932, 



pi. 1, fig. 3; pi. 4. fig. 39. 



Remarks. — Holten gave a fair description and figures of this 

 species, which were copied by Desmarest without any additions from 

 original investigation, but with a change of name to correspond with 

 Blainville's newly established genus. Steenstrup and Liitken ob- 

 tained three specimens from an Exocoetus species captured in the 

 tropical Atlantic, which they positively identified with Holten's 

 species, and of which they gave excellent figures, but added nothing 

 to Holten's description. So far as can be judged from a comparison 

 of the respective figures and descriptions, their identification was 

 correct, but neither description gives us very much in the way of 

 details. They also discovered just above the base of the Q:g^ strings 

 two tiny objects which they called pigmy males, and wdiich they 

 said "were fastened to the skin of the female so tightly by their 

 maxillipeds that it was not possible to loosen them without tearing 

 them in pieces" (p. 419). These were not placed with the females 

 under the species exocoeti^ but were put in the general remarks after 

 all the species, and without any description. The simple fact that 

 they could not be removed from the female without tearing them in 

 pieces indicates that they were not males. The two sexes are never 

 welded together in any such manner as that, and the only injury that 

 would be possible would be the loss of the claws on the maxillipeds 

 or perhaps of the entire appendages. Steenstrup and Liitken further 

 stated that " the P. hlainv'dlii described by LeSueur was also taken 



