422 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.53. 



The eyes are larger and farther apart. The head of a quadra- 

 maculata larva bears more resmblance to that of a pig, while this 

 unique larva rather resembles a squid with its great staring eyes. 



The color is much darker, although the pattern seems about the 

 same. There is no Mght line from the eye to the angle of the jaw 

 which line is quite evident in both larval and adult quadramaculata. 

 Finally, the under side of the throat is pigmented, reminding one of 

 the larva of Gyrinopliilus danielsi. The throat of qua drama culata 

 larvae is unpigmented. 



While I think there can be no doubt that this larva is distinct from 

 D. quadramaculata, I hesitated for some time before referring it to 

 Leurognathus marmorata. L, marmorata differs very slightly in 

 proportions from D. quadramaculata, and the color is usually lighter, 

 especially in young specimens. Thus the larva would seem to differ 

 from marmorata more than quadramaculata does. However there 

 are only two possibilities; either this is the larva of L. marmorata, 

 an animal known only from five specimens, four of which are from the 

 Atlantic drainage on the slopes of Grandfather Mountain; or there 

 exist in the Atlantic drainage on the slopes of Grandfather Mountain, 

 two rather aquatic salamanders, much resembling D. quadramaculata, 

 and known only from four adults and one larva, respectively. 



Habits. — Nothing is known of their breeding habits. Doctor Moore 

 says of them: "They seem to be essentially aquatic, remaining in the 

 deeper parts of the pool and not burrowing beneath stones in places 

 merely wet, as does the D. nigra, which occurs in great numbers in the 

 same region. L. marmorata is much less active than the latter species 

 and smms rather sluggishly, but with an easy gliding motion. The 

 individuals seen seemed rather shy, and when alarmed quickly took 

 refuge under the large rocks scattered through the pool, from beneath 

 which, however, they were easily induced to emerge by the attrac- 

 tion of pieces of meat thrown into the water." 



Remarks. — This species is externally ygyj similar to D. quadrama- 

 culata, especially the two larger specimens, which are black. The 

 flatness of the head is a very noticeable external character. I was 

 looking over the specimens of DesmognatJius in the collection of the 

 academy, and one looked as if its head had been stepped on. It 

 proved to be the Roan Mountain specimen of Leurognathus. This 

 species is excessively rare and has had a rather curious history, as 

 two out of the six known specimens have passed the time since the late 

 nineties, when they were collected, under the name of D. nigra. 

 Rhoads's specimen from Roan Mountain was collected in 1895, four 

 years before the genus was described. Doctor Moore, who described 

 the genus from three specimens, had four in his collection, but the 

 resemblance of the adult to D. quadramaculata deceived him, as it 

 had Rhoads. 



