358 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.63 



INTRODUCTION. 



The following is an alphabetical catalogue of the 255 genera of 

 the Cynipoidea with the type-species of each genus. The original 

 references to all the genera have been examined and it is believed 

 that the list as here given is correct, and complete up to July 1, 

 191G, according to the literature received in the libraries at Wash- 

 ington, District of Columbia. 



The first attempt to fix genotypes of the genera of the Cynipoidea 

 was made by Latreille in 1810, but as, unfortunntely, he chose 

 species not originally included, his type fixations are invalid. The 

 next author to designate genotypes was Westwood, who, in 1840, 

 designated types of the common British genera. Forster, in 1869, 

 in his tabulation of the genera and species of gall-wasps, designated 

 types for all the genera of Cynipoidea then known. In most cases 

 of the older genera of the Cynipoidea his designation was correct, 

 but in some cases, as Cynips, he chose as the type a species not 

 originally included, so, according to present rulings, these designa- 

 tions cannot be accepted. Ash mead, in his classification, 1903, chose 

 types for most of the genera and most of his designations are valid. 

 Dalla Torre and Kieffer, in 1910, give a list of the genera of the 

 Cynipoidea with the species which were originally included and 

 also the type designations which were given by the original 

 describers. The present paper is, however, the first comprehensive 

 study of all the genera of the Cynipoidea with the idea of fixing 

 the types from the purely nomenclatorial standpoint. 



Up to the present Hartig's first paper on the classification of 

 the Cynipoidea ^ has been given the date 1840. There is evidence, 

 however, that Hartig finished the paper in May, 1839, and that it 

 was reviewed by Erichson in Wiegmann's Archiv fur 1840,^ in con- 

 nection with other entomological literature for the year 1S39. It 

 should, therefore, be given the date 1839. In the following list 

 all of the new genera described in this paper are cited as 1839 in 

 parentheses, followed by 1840, which indicates that 1840 is the date 

 on the title page of the volume in which they appear. 



The words " monobasic," " isogenotypic," etc., have the same con- 

 ception as that indicated in Bulletin 83, United States National 

 Museum. 



The method of treatment is as follows: First, the generic name; 

 second, the author; third, the reference; fourth, the number of 

 species originally included (unless monobasic); fifth, the type; 

 sixth, synonymy (if genera are isogenotypic) ; seventh, the authority 



» Ueber die Famille der Gallwespen, Germar's Entomologie. vol. 2, pp. 176-209. 

 *Vol. 2, p. 272, 



