MUSCLES OP THE ANTERIOR EXTREMITY. 



77 



(b) Muscles which arise from the vertehrae. 



46. M. transverso-scajnilaris major (Ecker), (Fig. 68 fs). 



Dugès, transverso-interscapulaire, n. 63. — Cuvier, /. c, p. 380, probably 

 regarded as a portion of the serraius. — Zenker, PI. I, Fig. 5, 3 ; 

 depressor acromti, PI. II, Fig. 3, 15. — Klein, depressor scapulae. 



This muscle arises by tendon from the cartilage of the transverse 

 process of the fourth vertebra and by a slip from the cartilage 

 of the transverse process of the third vertebra. Diminishing in 

 size, the muscle passes outwards, forwards, and upwards to be 

 inserted into the posterior border of the scapula, opposite the in- 

 sertion of the m. sternocl eidomastoidev s. It draws the shoulder 

 inwards, backwards, and downwards. 



47. M. transverso-scaindaris minor (Ecker), (Fig. 68 ts'). 



Dugès, transverso-adscapulaire, n. 61. — Cuvier, regarded as part of the 

 serratus. — Zenker, PI. I, Fig. 5, 7, detractor scapulae. 



This is much shorter than the muscle just described; it arises 

 under cover of the m. 



levator scapulae, from ^^' 



the transverse process ^.s^^Sn 



of the third vertebra 

 in front of the trans- 

 verso-sca^mlaris major ; 

 and runs outwards and 

 forwards to be inserted 

 into the ventral surface 

 of the cartilage of the 

 scapula. The action of 

 the muscle is to draw 

 the shoulder inwards, 

 backwards, and out- 

 wards. Dugès re- 

 gards this muscle as 

 a portion of the serra- 

 tus auticKS magnus, the 

 remainder of which 

 he considers is to be 

 found in the portio 

 scapularis of the m. 

 obliquns exfernus (xi- 

 pho-adscapulaire, Du- 

 gès, n. 62). 



Mtiscles of the shoulder, from below ; the sternum has been cut 

 through and the sides drawn apart. 



d Deltoideus . 



is Interscapularis. 



it Intertransversarii. 



la Lev. anguli scapulae. 



ps Protrahens scapulae . 



sc Sternocleidomastoideus. 



** Subscapularis. 



ts Transverso-scap. major. 



ts' Transverso-scap. minor. 



ts'' Transverso-scap. tertius. 



