76 THE MUSCLES. 



(a) Muscles which arise from the skull. 



43. M. levator angali scapulae (Fig-. 68 hi). 



Dugès, sous-occipito-adscapulaire, n. 6o. — Zenker, proiractor scapulae, 

 PI. I, Fig. 5. — Cuvier, Leçons I, p. 379, describes this muscle as part 

 of the in. sevrutus anticus maynHa. 



A fairly strong" muscle, which has a broad orig-in from the prootic 

 and exoccipital bones as far as the foramen niagnum, a few fibres 

 are also attached to the lateral portions of the parasphenoid. The 

 fibres run backwards and outwards, first in a frontal plane and 

 then in a sagittal plane, to be inserted into the under surface of 

 the suprascapula near the posterior border, where it encloses the 

 hinder border of the m. interscapularis. 



Its action is to draw the shoulders forwards and inwards, or the 

 head downwards. 



44. M. sternocleidoiiiastoideus (Fig. 68 sc). 



Dugès, scapulo-mastoidien, 11. 65. — Cuvier, steruo-mastoidien. — Zenker, 

 protractor scapulae, PI. I, Fig. 5, i. 



A narrow muscle placed in front of and externally to the pre- 

 ceding muscle ; its general direction resembles that of the w. levator 

 ang. scan. 



The fibres arise from the most external part of the prootic and 

 from the hindermost part of the squamosal, under cover of the 

 m. digastricns maxillae, and from the hinder portion of the cartila- 

 ginous tympanic ring. Covered by these muscles, it passes 

 backwards and downwards to be inserted into the concavity of. 

 the anterior border of the scapula; externally to the origin of 

 the deltoid. 



The action of this muscle is to draw the shoulder forwards 

 and towards the middle line, or to bend the head downwards. 



45. M. protraheus scapulae (Fig-. 68 ^av). 



Dugès, Zenker, ^;;o^;y/c'/o;' acromii, PI. I, Fig. 5, 3. 



This muscle lies to the outer side of the rectus capitis inferior : 

 it arises from the prootic, and runs backwards and outwards upon the 

 levator anguli scapulae, to be inserted inio the scapula. 



It pulls the scapula forwards. 



