MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR EXTREMITY. 75 



C. Short Muscles of the Back. 



39. M. intertrumversarias capitis superior (Ecker), (Fig'- 67 i.c.s.). 



Dugès, n. 41, ex-occipito-transversaire sup. 



A small muscle arising- from the prootic : it lies above the 

 leraior anguli scapulae, and is inserted into the transverse process of 

 the second vertebra. 



40. M. intertransversarius capitis inferior (Fig. .67 i.c.i.). 



Dugès, n. 42, ex-occipito-transv. inf. 



This muscle lies on the ventral surface of the preceding one, but 

 is easily separable from it ; it arises from the angle of the prootic 

 and is inserted, together with the preceding muscle, into the 

 transverse process of the third vertebra. The n. vagus passes out- 

 wards between these two muscles. 



41. MM. intertransversarii dorsi (Fig. ôy i). 



Dugès, n. 43 to 50, intertransversaires. 



Seven small muscles, j^laced between adjacent transverse pro- 

 cesses of the vertebrae ; from the second to the last, in continuity 

 with the muscles last mentioned. 



42. MM. intercrurales (Ecker), (Fig. 67 Ï). 



Klein, p. 29, interspinales, interobliqui. 



Those muscular fibres found between the arches of adjacent 

 vertebrae are so named. On account of the shortness of the 

 spinous processes they can scarcely be named m. iuterspAnales. 



III. MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR EXTREMITY. 



I. Muscles of the Shoulder-girule. 



A. Dorsal Muscles of the Shoulder-blade. 



(I.) Muscles arising from the head or trunk, and inserted into 

 the scapulae, which they act upon primarily, and upon the shoulder- 

 girdles secondarily. 



Some of these muscles, such as m. cucullaris and retrahens, are 

 situated on the back, and have already been described with the 

 muscles of that region. Others are attached partly to the under-' 

 surfaces of the scapulae and are only visible from below ; they are 

 best seen in such a pre])aration as is shown in Fig. 68, made by 

 cutting through the sternum in the middle line^ and reflecting each 

 half outwards. 



