Ixxxviii INTRODUCTION 



and Human Music, Harper's Monthly, August, 1902, vol. cv. No. dcxxvii. 

 474. — WiTCHELL, Charles A. Evolution of Bird-Song, Adam & 

 Charles Black, London, 1896. 



POPULAR BIRD BOOKS. 



Baskett, J. N. The Story of the Birds, D. Appleton & Co., New 

 York, 1897. — BuKROUGHS. John. Wake-Robin ; Fresh Fields ; Birds 

 and Poets ; Locusts and Wild Honey ; Pepacton ; Winter Sunshine ; 

 Signs and Seasons ; Riverby, Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. — 

 Chapman, Frank M. Bird Life (popular colored ed.), 1902 ; Bird 

 Studies with a Camera, 1900 ; Handbook of Birds of Eastern North 

 America, 1902, D. Appleton & Co . New York. — Eckstorm, Fannie 

 Hardy. The Bird Book, D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, 1901; The 

 Woodpeckers, Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1901. — Elliot, D. 

 G. Shore Birds, 1895 ; Game Birds. 1897 ; Wild Fowl, 1898, Francis 

 P. Harper, New York. — Herrick, Francis H. Home Life of Wild 

 Birds, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1901. — Job, Herbert K. 

 Among the Water-Fowl, Doubleday, Page & Co., New York, 1902. 

 — Keeler, Charles A. Bird Notes Afield, Elder & Shepard, San 

 Francisco, 1889. — Keyser, Leandkr S. Birds of the Rockies, A. C. 

 McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1902. — Lord, W. R. Birds of Oregon and 

 Washington, J. K. Gill Company, Portland, Oregon, revised edition, 

 1902. — Merriam, F. a. A-Birding on a Bronco. Houghton, Mifflin & 

 Co., Boston, 1896. — Miller. Olive Thorne. Bird- Ways; In Nesting 

 Time ; Little Brothers of the Air ; A Bird-Lover in the West ; Upon 

 the Tree-Tops ; First Book of Birds ; Second Book of Birds, Houghton, 

 Mifflin & Co., Boston. — Torrey, Bradford. Birds in the Bush ; A 

 Rambler's Lease ; The Foot-Path Way ; Everyday Birds, Houghton, 

 Mifflin & Co., Boston. — Sandys and Van Dyke. Upland Game 

 Birds, Macmillan Co.. New York, 1892. — Van Dyke, T. S. Game 

 Birds at Home, Fords, Howard & Hulbert, New York. 1895. — Wright, 

 Mabel Osgood. Birdcraft, 2d ed., Macmillan Co., New York, 1899. — 

 Wright, Mabel Osgood, and Dr. Elliott Coues. Citizen Bird, 2d 

 ed., Macmillan Co., New York, 1900. 



USE OF THE KEYS. 



If you are a beginner with a bird to identify, and do not know the 

 orders into which birds are divided, go first to the Key to Orders, 

 pp. 1,2. If your bird is a plover, you may not be sure whether it is 

 classed with the water or land birds ; so begin with the Key to 

 Water Birds. This key, as all others in the book, is dichotomous, 

 that is to say, at every step the birds are divided into two classes, 

 which have or have not a given character — birds are black or they 

 are not black, they have crests or they have not crests, their feet are 

 webbed or their feet are not webbed. At each step of the key a 

 number and its prime are used to set apart the two classes. In the 

 case of the Key to Orders of Water Birds the first two classes are 

 birds which have 



1. Feet fully webbed. 



