PINE FAMILY 41 



a. Leaves in fives. 



Cones nearly sessile, subglobose, 1 to 3 in. long 1. P. albicaulis. 



Cones long-stalked, long and slender. 



Leaves 1 to 3 in. long; cones 6 to 8 in. long 2. P. monticola. 



Leaves 2 to 4 in. long; cones 13 to 18 in. long 3. P. lambertiana. 



b. Leaves in threes, 5 to 12 in. long. 



Cones 3 to 10 in. long, the scales prickle-tipped 4. P. ponderosa. 



Cones 6 to 10 in. long, the scales with stout spur-like tips. 5. P. sabiniana. 



c. Leaves in twos, 1 to 3 in. long; cones 1 to 1 54 in- long. 6. P. murrayana. 



d. Leaves solitary; cones 2y 2 to 3y 2 in. long 7. P. monophylla. 



1. P. albicaulis Engelm. White-bark Pine. Bark thin, 

 whitish, smooth or somewhat grooved. Needles in S's, 1 to 

 2y 2 in. long. Cones nearly sessile, ovoid or nearly globose, 

 of a beautiful deep purple, becoming yellowish brown, 1 to 

 3 in. long. 



The White-bark Pine is a small tree, sometimes erect but 

 usually dwarfed or prostrate and broader than high, the 

 branchlets naked save for the bush-like tuft of leaves toward 

 the ends. It is found only near timber-line, where it forms 

 a narrow belt on all the high mountains. On the easterly 

 slopes of the Sierra Nevada it is replaced by the Limber 

 Pine (P. flexilis James), a very similar tree but with longer, 

 yellowish brown cones narrowly ovate in shape. 



2. P. monticola Don. Silver Pine. Bark reddish or whit- 

 ish, thin, very smooth or checked into small plates. Needles 

 in 5's, 1 to 3 in. long. Cones pendent on long stalks, in clus- 

 ters near the ends of high branches, 6 to 8 in. long, 3 to 3}4 

 in. thick, very slender when young, the scales somewhat 

 spreading and flexuous. 



This is a graceful tree, SO to 120 ft. high, with mainly hori- 

 zontal slender branches and blue-green foliage. It inhabits 

 high altitudes, being common from 7000 ft. nearly to timber- 

 line, and is sometimes found as far down as 5000 ft. alt. On 

 Clouds Rest the Silver Pine is the dominant tree along the 

 trail from the pinnacles to the summit, and it also grows, 

 but in small numbers, around Sentinel Dome. 



3. P. lambertiana Dougl. Sugar Pine. Bark brown or 

 reddish, 2 to 4 in. thick, with rough ridges. Needles in 5's, 

 2 to 4 in. long. Cones long-stalked, pendent from the ends 

 of the branches, 13 to 18 in. long, 4 to 6 in. thick (when open), 

 the scales rigid and spreading at right-angles when mature 

 and dry. 



The Sugar Pine is our most handsome tree. John Muir 

 calls it the Queen of the Sierras. It is commonly 100 to 180 

 ft. high, with a clear trunk, a flat-topped crown, and hori- 

 zontal, arm-like branches from the ends of which depend 



