22 KEY TO THE FAMILIES 



Anthers opening lengthwise. 



a. Herbs. 



Ovules and seeds numerous Saxifragaceae, 115 



Ovules and seeds 1 to 4 in each cell. 

 Leaves all entire. 



Petals 5; stamens 5, on the receptacle. 



Linaceae, 149 

 Petals 4; stamens 4, on the calyx. 



Lythraceae, 162 

 Leaves divided or compound Geraniaceae, 148 



b. Shrubs, trees and woody climbers. 

 Stamens as many as petals and opposite 



them. 



Erect or prostrate shrubs Rhamnaceae, 153 



Climbing vines Vitaceae, 156 



Stamens alternate with the petals. 

 Leaves pinnately compound; fruit a 



bladdery pod Staphyleaceae, 152 



Leaves palmately compound; fruit a 



1-seeded pod Sapindaceae, 153 



2. Calyx adherent to the ovary. (Ovary inferior.) 



Flowers in umbels, i. e., all on nearly equal pedicels 



from the summit of a common stalk; all herbs. 



Umbelliferae, 170 

 Flowers not in umbels. 



Styles 2 to 5, distinct or united below Saxifragaceae, 115 



Style 1, undivided (but sometimes with slender 

 stigma-lobes). 

 Flowers scattered, in racemes or spikes; herbs. 



Onagraceae, 162 

 Flowers in close rounded clusters ; shrubs and 



trees Cornaceae, 172 



III. SYMPETALOUS SECTION. Calyx and 

 corolla both present, the latter with petals united at 

 least at base. 



A. Stamens free from the corolla. 



Stamens distinct from each other. 



Anthers opening by pores at the top, except in one 



species without green herbage Ericaceae, 174 



Anthers opening lengthwise Campanulaceae, 237 



Stamens united into a tube around the style Lobeliaceae, 238 



