ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES 



(Carried out in some cases to genera) 



Division I. FERN GROUP (Pteridophyta) 



Plants without true flowers ; reproduction by spores ; 

 only the Fern Family, with several or numerous 

 fronds from a rootstock with fibrous roots is here 

 described Polypodiaceae, 25 



Division II. FLOWERING PLANTS 

 ( Sperm atophyta ) 



Plants with true flowers containing stamens or pistils 

 or both; reproduction normally by seeds. 



Subdivision 1. GYMNOSPERMS (Seeds naked) 

 Evergreen trees and shrubs, cone-bearing except in 

 Taxaceae; leaves needle-like, awl-like, scale-like, or 

 narrowly linear ; stamens and pistils never borne in the 

 same flower; ovules not in a closed ovary, maturing 

 into naked seeds. 



Fruit a woody cone bearing several to many seeds. .Pinaceae, 40 

 Fruit berry-like or plum-like, 1-seeded Taxaceae, 46 



Subdivision 2. ANGIOSPERMS (Seeds enclosed) 

 Evergreen and deciduous trees, shrubs, and herbs, 

 not cone-bearing; leaves various; ovules in a closed 

 sac, or ovary, which at maturity becomes the fruit and 

 encloses the seed. 



Class 1. MONOCOTYLEDONS 



Leaves with principal veins parallel (net-veined in 

 Erythronium, Disporum, and Trillium) ; flower-parts 

 usually in 3's or 6's, never in 4's or 5's; embryo with 

 1 cotyledon; stems with neither pith nor ring-like 

 layers, but with the fibers distributed through them 

 (showing as dots in a transverse slice) ; ours all herbs. 

 (Class 2 on p. 18.) 



